A practical guide to the underlying development principles of PHP8: Improving server performance

Practical Guide to PHP8’s Underlying Development Principles: Improving Server Performance

Abstract: With the rapid development of the Internet, server performance has become one of the focuses of developers. This article will introduce the underlying development principles of PHP8 and provide practical guidelines to help developers optimize server performance. Some code examples will be used in the article to help readers understand better.

Introduction:
When developing Web applications, server performance is crucial. An efficient server can provide a better user experience while also being able to handle a large number of concurrent requests. PHP, as a commonly used scripting language, is widely used in the field of web development. The release of PHP8 provides more possibilities for improving server performance.

1. Introduction to the underlying development principles of PHP8
1.1 JIT compiler
PHP8 introduces the JIT (Just-In-Time) compiler, which can compile PHP code into underlying machine code and improve the code effectiveness. The JIT compiler can optimize the code execution process based on the actual situation of the code and reduce unnecessary overhead. In order to enable the JIT compiler, you need to set the opcache.jit_buffer_size and opcache.jit parameters in the PHP configuration file.

Sample code:

<?php
// 开启JIT编译器
ini_set('opcache.jit_buffer_size', '100M');
ini_set('opcache.jit', 'tracing');

1.2 FFI extension
PHP8 introduces the FFI (Foreign Function Interface) extension, which can directly access the functions and variables of the underlying C library. Through the FFI extension, we can use the performance advantages of the C language to enhance the execution efficiency of PHP. FFI extensions can be used to call APIs of the underlying operating system, external dynamic link libraries (DLLs), etc.

Sample code:

<?php
// 引入FFI扩展
$ffi = FFI::cdef("
    int printf(const char *format, ...);
", "libc.so.6");

// 调用C库的函数
$ffi->printf("Hello, World!
");

2. Practical guide to the underlying development principles of PHP8
2.1 Using the new features of PHP8
PHP8 introduces many new syntax features and functions, which can improve Code execution efficiency and maintainability. For example: null coalescing operator (??), match expression, etc. Developers can learn and use these new features to optimize server performance.

Sample code:

<?php
// 使用null合并运算符
$userId = $_GET['id'] ?? 0;

// 使用match表达式
$result = match($status) {
    'success' => '操作成功',
    'fail' => '操作失败',
    default => '未知状态'
};

2.2 Avoid repeated database queries
In web applications, frequent database queries are a performance bottleneck. In order to improve server performance, we can use caching technology to avoid repeated database queries. For example, you can use Memcached or Redis as a cache service to cache query results and reduce access to the database.

Sample code:

<?php
// 从缓存中获取用户信息
$userId = $_GET['id'];
$userInfo = $cache->get("user:$userId");

// 如果缓存中不存在，则从数据库中查询
if (!$userInfo) {
    $userInfo = $db->query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = $userId");
    $cache->set("user:$userId", $userInfo);
}

// 使用用户信息进行业务处理
// ...

2.3 Batch processing of data
When processing large amounts of data, PHP's loop statements may cause performance problems. In order to improve server performance, we can use batch processing of data to reduce the number of loops. For example, you can use a SQL query to obtain multiple pieces of data, or use PHP's built-in functions to process arrays.

Sample code:

<?php
// 一次查询获取多条数据
$ids = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
$users = $db->query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id IN (" . implode(',', $ids) . ")");

// 使用内建函数批量处理数组
$numbers = range(1, 1000);
$evenNumbers = array_filter($numbers, function($num){
    return $num % 2 == 0;
});

Conclusion:
This article introduces the underlying development principles of PHP8, including the JIT compiler and FFI extension, and provides practical guidelines to help developers optimize server performance. You can improve the performance and scalability of your web applications by using the new features of PHP8, avoiding duplicate database queries, and batching data. Developers can flexibly use these technologies based on actual project needs to achieve better server effects.

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