Exploring the new features and underlying development principles of PHP8: How to optimize code performance

Exploration of new features and underlying development principles of PHP8: how to optimize code performance

With the rapid development of the Internet and the continuous updating of information technology, PHP is an important Internet development languages ​​​​are also constantly evolving. As the latest version, PHP8 brings many new features and improvements, and also provides more powerful underlying development capabilities. This article will explore the new features of PHP8 and give some code examples to show how to optimize code performance.

1. JIT compiler
   PHP8 introduces the Just-In-Time (just-in-time compilation) compiler. The JIT compiler can dynamically compile PHP code into local machine code, thereby improving the efficiency of code execution. In PHP8, the JIT compiler is turned off by default and needs to be enabled manually. The following is a sample code that demonstrates how to enable the JIT compiler:

ini_set('opcache.jit_buffer_size', '100M');
ini_set('opcache.jit', 'tracing');

By enabling the JIT compiler, especially for some computationally intensive tasks, the performance of PHP code can be significantly improved.

2. Type declaration of attributes
   In PHP8, we can make type declarations for class attributes. In this way, the type of variables can be better constrained and the occurrence of type errors can be reduced. The following is a sample code showing the type declaration of attributes:

class Person {
  public string $name;
  public int $age;

  public function __construct(string $name, int $age){
    $this->name = $name;
    $this->age = $age;
  }
}

Through the type declaration of attributes, the readability and maintainability of the code will be improved.

3. Anonymous classes
   PHP8 introduces the concept of anonymous classes. An anonymous class is a class without a name that can directly create an object and use it. This can simplify the code structure, especially in the case of classes that are only needed temporarily. The following is a sample code showing the usage of anonymous classes:

$person = new class("John", 25) extends Person {
  public function introduce() { echo "I am {$this->name}, {$this->age} years old."; }
};

$person->introduce();

By using anonymous classes, more concise code writing can be achieved.

4. Basic type optimization in JIT
   The JIT compiler in PHP8 optimizes basic types, thereby improving the performance of the code. For example, for calculations of integers and floating point numbers, the JIT compiler will use more efficient underlying instructions to process them, which can save running time. The following is a sample code showing the performance comparison of integer and floating point calculations:

// 普通模式
$time1 = microtime(true);
for ($i = 0; $i < 1000000; $i++) {
  $result = $i * 2;
}
$time2 = microtime(true);
echo "普通模式耗时：" . ($time2 - $time1) . "秒";

// JIT模式
ini_set('opcache.jit', '1235');
$time1 = microtime(true);
for ($i = 0; $i < 1000000; $i++) {
  $result = $i * 2;
}
$time2 = microtime(true);
echo "JIT模式耗时：" . ($time2 - $time1) . "秒";

By using the JIT compiler, the performance of integer and floating point calculations can be significantly improved.

Summary:
This article discusses the new features and underlying development principles of PHP8, and gives corresponding code examples. By optimizing code performance, the operating efficiency of PHP applications can be improved to better meet user needs. Developers can choose appropriate optimization methods to apply to their projects based on actual conditions to further improve code performance.

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