What are the sorting methods?

The sorting methods include bubble sort, selection sort, insertion sort, quick sort, merge sort, heap sort, counting sort and bucket sort. Detailed introduction: 1. Bubble sorting is a simple sorting algorithm. It repeatedly traverses the array to be sorted, compares two elements at a time, and swaps them if the order is wrong. The work of traversing the array is repeated until there are no more elements. If exchange is needed again, it means that the sequence has been sorted; 2. Selection sort is a simple and intuitive sorting algorithm. Its working principle is to select the smallest element from the data elements to be sorted each time, and so on.

#The sorting method is one of the basic algorithms we often need to use in programming. Here are some common sorting methods and their descriptions:

Bubble Sort

Bubble sort is a simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly Iterate over the array to be sorted, comparing two elements at a time and swapping them if they are in the wrong order. The work of traversing the array is repeated until no more exchanges are needed, which means that the array has been sorted.

Time complexity: O(n^2)

Selection Sort

Selection sort is a simple and intuitive sorting algorithm . Its working principle is to select the smallest (or largest) element from the data elements to be sorted each time and store it at the beginning of the sequence until all the data elements to be sorted are arranged.

Time complexity: O(n^2)

Insertion Sort

Insertion sort is a simple and intuitive sorting algorithm . It works by constructing an ordered sequence. For unsorted data, it scans from back to front in the sorted sequence, finds the corresponding position and inserts it.

Time complexity: O(n^2)

Quick Sort (Quick Sort)

Quick Sort uses the principle of divide and conquer, select first A pivot element, and then divide all elements into two parts. The elements in one part are smaller than the pivot element, and the elements in the other part are larger than the pivot element. Then quickly sort the two parts separately. After the recursion is completed, the entire sequence becomes ordered.

Time complexity: The average time complexity is O(n log n), and the worst case is O(n^2).

Merge Sort

Merge sort is also a sorting algorithm that uses the divide and conquer principle. It divides an array into two sub-arrays, merge-sorts the two sub-arrays respectively, and then merges the results into an ordered array.

Time complexity: The average time complexity is O(n log n), and the worst case is O(n^2).

Heap Sort

Heap sort is a tree selection sort, which is an effective improvement on direct selection sort. Its basic idea is to construct the sequence to be sorted into a large top heap. At this time, the maximum value of the entire sequence is the root node at the top of the heap. Then swap it with the last element, which is the maximum value. Then reconstruct the remaining n-1 elements into a heap, so that the next smallest value of n elements will be obtained. If you execute this repeatedly, you can get an ordered sequence.

Time complexity: O(n log n)

Counting Sort

Counting sort is not a comparison-based sorting algorithm. The complexity is O(n). It is a linear time complexity sorting algorithm suitable for sorting integers within a certain range. It works by calculating the number of occurrences of each element in the sequence to be sorted, and then placing the elements in the corresponding position based on the number of occurrences.

Time complexity: O(n k), where k is the range of elements to be sorted.

Bucket Sort

Bucket sort is a sorting algorithm with linear time complexity, suitable for sorting floating point numbers within a certain range. Its working principle is to divide the elements to be sorted into several buckets, and then use algorithms such as quick sort inside each bucket to sort. Finally, the elements in each bucket are merged into an ordered sequence in order.

Time complexity: The average time complexity is O(n), and the worst case is O(n^2).

These are common sorting methods, each method has its applicable scenarios, advantages and disadvantages. In actual programming, it is necessary to select an appropriate sorting algorithm based on specific problems and data.

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