How to solve the data sorting problem in C++ big data development?

How to solve the data sorting problem in C big data development

Introduction:
In big data development, data sorting is a common problem. C, as a high-performance programming language, provides a variety of sorting algorithms and data structures to solve this problem. This article will introduce several commonly used C sorting algorithms and demonstrate their use through code examples to help readers understand and solve data sorting problems in big data development.

1. Bubble sorting algorithm
Bubble sorting is a simple and intuitive sorting algorithm. It repeatedly traverses the data to be sorted, compares two adjacent elements in turn, and swaps them if the order is wrong. them until there are no more elements to swap. The following is a C code example of bubble sorting:

void bubbleSort(vector<int>& data) {
    int n = data.size();
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {
            if (data[j] > data[j + 1]) {
                // 交换data[j]和data[j+1]的值
                int temp = data[j];
                data[j] = data[j + 1];
                data[j + 1] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
}

2. Quick sorting algorithm
Quick sorting is a commonly used divide-and-conquer sorting algorithm. The basic idea is to select an element as the benchmark and sort the elements that are smaller than the benchmark. The elements are placed on one side, the elements larger than the baseline are placed on the other side, and the elements on both sides are recursively sorted. The following is a C code example of quick sort:

int partition(vector<int>& data, int low, int high) {
    int pivot = data[high]; // 选取最后一个元素作为基准
    int i = low - 1; // 记录小于基准的元素的位置
    for (int j = low; j < high; j++) {
        if (data[j] < pivot) {
            i++;
            // 交换data[i]和data[j]的值
            int temp = data[i];
            data[i] = data[j];
            data[j] = temp;
        }
    }
    // 交换data[i+1]和data[high]的值
    int temp = data[i + 1];
    data[i + 1] = data[high];
    data[high] = temp;
    return i + 1;
}

void quickSort(vector<int>& data, int low, int high) {
    if (low < high) {
        int pi = partition(data, low, high);
        quickSort(data, low, pi - 1);
        quickSort(data, pi + 1, high);
    }
}

3. Heap sort algorithm
Heap sort is an algorithm that uses a data structure such as a heap for sorting. A heap is usually an array that can be viewed as a complete binary tree. The following is a C code example for heap sorting:

void heapify(vector<int>& data, int n, int i) {
    int largest = i; // 初始化最大元素的位置为父节点
    int left = 2 * i + 1; // 左子节点
    int right = 2 * i + 2; // 右子节点

    // 如果左子节点比父节点大，则更新最大元素的位置
    if (left < n && data[left] > data[largest]) {
        largest = left;
    }

    // 如果右子节点比父节点大，则更新最大元素的位置
    if (right < n && data[right] > data[largest]) {
        largest = right;
    }

    // 如果最大元素的位置不是父节点，则交换它们的值，并继续向下调整堆
    if (largest != i) {
        // 交换data[i]和data[largest]的值
        int temp = data[i];
        data[i] = data[largest];
        data[largest] = temp;
        heapify(data, n, largest);
    }
}

void heapSort(vector<int>& data) {
    int n = data.size();

    // 构建最大堆
    for (int i = n / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        heapify(data, n, i);
    }

    // 依次取出堆顶元素，与堆尾元素交换，并重新调整堆
    for (int i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) {
        // 交换data[0]和data[i]的值
        int temp = data[0];
        data[0] = data[i];
        data[i] = temp;

        // 重新调整堆
        heapify(data, i, 0);
    }
}

Conclusion:
This article introduces several commonly used C sorting algorithms and gives corresponding code examples. In actual development, readers can choose a suitable sorting algorithm based on the size of the data and performance requirements to solve the data sorting problem in big data development. At the same time, readers can also optimize and expand the code according to their own needs to cope with more complex sorting scenarios.

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