C++ program to find the number of iterations required to convert all cells to black

Suppose, we have a grid containing two types of cells; black cells and white blood cells. Black cells are represented by "#" and white cells are represented by "." The grid is provided to us as an array of strings. Now we have to do the following.

• We convert each white cell to a black cell and share a side with the black cell. We do this until every cell of the grid turns black.

• We calculate the number of iterations required to convert all cells of the grid to black. The starting grid must contain one black cell.

So if the input is something like h = 4, w = 4, grid = {"#..." , ".#.." , "....", "...#"}

	#.	.	.
.		#.	.
.	.	.	.
##.	.	.

Then the output will be 3.

It takes 3 iterations to convert all cells to black.

Steps

To solve this problem we will follow the following steps-

Define an array dx of size: 4 containing := { 1, 0, - 1, 0 }
Define an array dy of size: 4 containing := { 0, 1, 0, - 1 }
Define one 2D array distance
Define one queue q that contain integer pairs
for initialize i := 0, when i < h, update (increase i by 1), do:
   for initialize j := 0, when j < w, update (increase j by 1), do:
      if grid[i, j] is same as &#39;#&#39;, then:
         distance[i, j] := 0
         insert one pair(i, j) into q
while (not q is empty), do:
   first element of auto now = q
   delete element from q
   for initialize dir := 0, when dir < 4, update (increase dir by 1), do:
      cx := first value of now + dx[dir]
      cy := second value of now + dy[dir]
      if cx < 0 or cx >= h or cy < 0 or cy >= w, then:
         if distance[cx, cy] is same as -1, then:
            distance[cx, cy] := distance[first value of now, second value of now] + 1
         insert one pair (cx, cy) into q
ans := 0
for initialize i := 0, when i < h, update (increase i by 1), do:
   for initialize j := 0, when j < w, update (increase j by 1), do:
      ans := maximum of ans and distance[i, j]
print(ans)

Example

Let us see the below implementation to get better Understand −

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

void solve(int h, int w, vector <string> grid){
   int dx[4] = { 1, 0, -1, 0 };
   int dy[4] = { 0, 1, 0, -1 };
   vector<vector<int>> distance(h, vector<int>(w, -1));
   queue<pair<int, int>> q;
   for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {
         if (grid[i][j] == &#39;#&#39;) {
            distance[i][j] = 0;
            q.push(pair<int, int>(i,j));
         }
      }
   }
   while (!q.empty()) {
      auto now = q.front();
      q.pop();
      for (int dir = 0; dir < 4; dir++) {
         int cx = now.first + dx[dir];
         int cy = now.second + dy[dir];
         if (cx < 0 || cx >= h || cy < 0 || cy >= w) continue;
         if (distance[cx][cy] == -1) {
            distance[cx][cy] = distance[now.first][now.second] + 1;
            q.push(pair<int, int> (cx, cy));
         }
      }
   }
   int ans = 0; for (int i = 0; i < h; ++i) {
      for (int j = 0; j < w; ++j) {
         ans = max(ans, distance[i][j]);
      }
   }
   cout << ans << endl;
}
int main() {
   int h = 4, w = 4; vector<string>
   grid = {"#...", ".#.." , "....", "...#"};
   solve(h, w, grid);
   return 0;
}

Input

4, 4, {"#...", ".#.." , "....", "...#"}

Output

3

The above is the detailed content of C++ program to find the number of iterations required to convert all cells to black. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!