In C language, executable statements refer to code statements that can be executed by the computer.

A "C" program contains executable statements. Compilers help translate executable statements into machine language.

When a user runs a program, he/she executes machine language statements through the compiler.

Types of executable statements

The types of executable statements in C language are as follows:

• Input and output statements
• Assignment statements

Input and output statements

• Storing values ​​into memory is called "input operation".

• After a calculation is performed, the results are stored in memory and can be displayed to the user through an "output operation".

• All input/output operations are performed using input/output functions.

• The most common I/O functions are provided through the preprocessing directive #include.

• The most commonly used I/O functions are printf() and scanf().

printf() function

The syntax is as follows:

printf("format string", print list);

For example,

printf ("average of 3 numbers = %f",avg);

• printf() displays the value of its format string

scanf() function

The syntax is as follows:

scanf ("format string", input list);

For example, scanf("%d %f",&a,&b);

• scanf() copies data typed on the keyboard to memory during program execution.

• There is an ampersand in front of the input list.

Assignment Statement

The assignment statement stores a value in a variable and is used to perform arithmetic operations in a program.

Syntax

The syntax is as follows −

variable=expression

For example,

• c = a b;
• avg = sum/3;
• r1 = (b*b – 4 * a*c);

Example

Following is the C program for computing an average of three numbers −

Live Demo

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
main(){
   int a,b,c,d;
   float avg;
   printf("Enter values for a,b,c:</p><p>");
   scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);// The scanf ( ) copies data typed at the keyboard into
   //memory during program execution.
   d=a+b+c; //assignment stmt
   avg=d/3;
   printf("Average avg=%f",avg);
}

Output

You will see the following output −

Enter values for a,b,c:2 3 4
Average avg=3.000000

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