How do closures work in JavaScript?-JS Tutorial-php.cn

Home

Web Front-end

JS Tutorial

How do closures work in JavaScript?

WBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWBOYWB

Aug 24, 2023 pm 09:05 PM

In this article, we will learn about "Closures" and how they actually work in JavaScript. A closure is basically a composition of a function that contains a reference to its surrounding state (also known as lexical environment).

In JavaScript, a closure is created basically every time a function is created at runtime. In other words, a closure is just a fancy name that remembers something external that is used internally.

Let us understand JavaScript closures through some examples -

Example 1 h2>

In the following example, we will declare a closure that will ultimately be accessible from an external function External variable tagLine

After using the external variable in the innermost function, this specific closure will help the user to remind the tagLine every time the external function is called.

#Filename: index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>
      Closures in Javascript
   </title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1 style="color: green;">
      Welcome To Tutorials Point
   </h1>
   <button type="button" onclick="init()">
      Click here!!!
   </button>
   <p id="demo"></p>
<script>
   function init() {
      var tagLine = "Start your Learning journey now";
      function display() { // display() is the inner function, a closure
         alert(tagLine); // use variable declared in the parent function
      }
      display();
   }
   </script>
</body>
</html>

Output

This will produce the following results.

JavaScript 中的闭包是如何工作的？

Example 2

In the following example, we use nested closures to call two functions and display the output of the same function.

#File name: index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>
      Closures in Javascript
   </title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1 style="color: green;">
      Welcome To Tutorials Point
   </h1>
   <button type="button" onclick=" Counter()">
      Click Me!
   </button>
   <p id="demo1"></p>
   <p id="demo2"></p>
<script>
function Counter() {
   var counter = 0;
   function outerfunction() {
   counter += 1;
   document.getElementById("demo1").innerHTML
      = "Outer Counter called = " + counter +" from Outer Function " ;
      function innerfunction() {
         counter += 1;
         document.getElementById("demo2").innerHTML
         = "Inner Counter called = " + counter +" from Inner Function ";
      };
      innerfunction();
   };
   outerfunction();
};
</script>
</body>
</html>

Output

JavaScript 中的闭包是如何工作的？

The above is the detailed content of How do closures work in JavaScript?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement

This article is reproduced at:tutorialspoint. If there is any infringement, please contact admin@php.cn delete

Replace String Characters in JavaScriptMar 11, 2025 am 12:07 AM

Detailed explanation of JavaScript string replacement method and FAQ This article will explore two ways to replace string characters in JavaScript: internal JavaScript code and internal HTML for web pages. Replace string inside JavaScript code The most direct way is to use the replace() method: str = str.replace("find","replace"); This method replaces only the first match. To replace all matches, use a regular expression and add the global flag g: str = str.replace(/fi

Custom Google Search API Setup TutorialMar 04, 2025 am 01:06 AM

This tutorial shows you how to integrate a custom Google Search API into your blog or website, offering a more refined search experience than standard WordPress theme search functions. It's surprisingly easy! You'll be able to restrict searches to y

Example Colors JSON FileMar 03, 2025 am 12:35 AM

This article series was rewritten in mid 2017 with up-to-date information and fresh examples. In this JSON example, we will look at how we can store simple values in a file using JSON format. Using the key-value pair notation, we can store any kind

Build Your Own AJAX Web ApplicationsMar 09, 2025 am 12:11 AM

So here you are, ready to learn all about this thing called AJAX. But, what exactly is it? The term AJAX refers to a loose grouping of technologies that are used to create dynamic, interactive web content. The term AJAX, originally coined by Jesse J

8 Stunning jQuery Page Layout PluginsMar 06, 2025 am 12:48 AM

Leverage jQuery for Effortless Web Page Layouts: 8 Essential Plugins jQuery simplifies web page layout significantly. This article highlights eight powerful jQuery plugins that streamline the process, particularly useful for manual website creation

What is 'this' in JavaScript?Mar 04, 2025 am 01:15 AM

Core points This in JavaScript usually refers to an object that "owns" the method, but it depends on how the function is called. When there is no current object, this refers to the global object. In a web browser, it is represented by window. When calling a function, this maintains the global object; but when calling an object constructor or any of its methods, this refers to an instance of the object. You can change the context of this using methods such as call(), apply(), and bind(). These methods call the function using the given this value and parameters. JavaScript is an excellent programming language. A few years ago, this sentence was

Improve Your jQuery Knowledge with the Source ViewerMar 05, 2025 am 12:54 AM

jQuery is a great JavaScript framework. However, as with any library, sometimes it’s necessary to get under the hood to discover what’s going on. Perhaps it’s because you’re tracing a bug or are just curious about how jQuery achieves a particular UI

10 Mobile Cheat Sheets for Mobile DevelopmentMar 05, 2025 am 12:43 AM

This post compiles helpful cheat sheets, reference guides, quick recipes, and code snippets for Android, Blackberry, and iPhone app development. No developer should be without them! Touch Gesture Reference Guide (PDF) A valuable resource for desig

See all articles