/*数据类型之间相互转换
* 一种是强制转换
* setType(变量,类型); //int,integer,float,double等等。
* 这个函数将原变量的类型改变,用var_dump();可以查看变量
*
* 在赋值前使用(类型)的形式,不会改变原变量的类型
* $a=(int)"123abc";
*
* $变量=intval(变量或值);
* $变量=floatval(变量或值);
* $变量=stringval(变量或值);
*
* 注意:整型在内存中占4个字节 2.147e9
* 浮点型在内存中占8个字节
*
*
* 一种是自动转换(最常用方式),变量会更具运行环境自动转换
* 与变量和类型有关的一些常用函数
* isset();//判断一个变量是否存在,值如果是null也表示空。
* empty();//判断一个变量是否为空 "",null
* unset();//删除一个变量
* setType();//设置一个变量类型
* getType();//获取一个变量类型 var_dump();获取类型和值
*
* 变量类型测试函数
* is_bool();//判断是否为布尔型
* is_int() is_integer() is_long()//判断是否是整型
* is_float(), is_double() is_real()//...
* is_array()
* is_object()
* is_resource()
* is_null()
* is_scalar()//判断是否是标量
* is_numberic()//判断是否是任何一种数字,或数字字符串
* is_callable()//判断是否是有效的函数名
* 常量的声明与使用
* 1.常量是一个简单值的标识符
* 2.常量定义后不能再改变它的值,也不能使用unset()或其他的函数取消
* 3.常量可以不用理会变量范围的规则而在任何地方都可以定义和访问
* 4.常量使用define("常量名",值);
* 5.常量名在声明和使用时都不使用"$"
* 6.常量名称习惯都使用大写
* 7.常量的值只能用标量类型(int,float,bool,string)
* 8.常量一定要在声明时就给值
* 9.defined("常量");//判断常量是否存在
*
* 预定义常量和魔术常量
* echo __FILE__;//输出当前文件名称目录_魔术常量
* echo CASE_LOWER;//输出固定的值_预定义常量
*
*/
//这个函数将原变量的类型改变,用var_dump();可以查看变量
$str="100.12345abc";
setType($str,int);
var_dump($str);
//在赋值前使用(类型)的形式
$str="100.12345abc";
$a=(int)$str;
var_dump($a);//输出int(100)
var_dump($str);//输出值不变,"100.12345abc"
//如果字符串不是以数字开头,则转换成0
//不同类型运算
$a=10;
$b="100abc";
$c=true;
$d=12.34;
$sum=$a+$c;//布尔型自动转换成1,结果为11
$sum=$a+$b;//结果为110
$sum=$a+$b+$c;//结果为111
$sum=$a+$b+$c+$d;//结果为123.34,因为浮点型内存空间大,小内存转大内存。
//判断是否是数组
$a=array("one","two",1,3,6,8);
if(is_array($a)){
print_r($a);//打印数组
}else{
echo $a;
}
//定义常量,使用常量
define("home","this is a home");
$a=100;
function demo()
{
global $a;//因为$a是全局变量所以要用全局标记调用
echo $a;
echo home;//常量可以不用理会范围,直接访问或者定义
}
demo();
//判断常量是否存在
if(defined("home")
{
echo home;
}
else
{
define("home","this is a home");
}

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

PHP remains important in the modernization process because it supports a large number of websites and applications and adapts to development needs through frameworks. 1.PHP7 improves performance and introduces new features. 2. Modern frameworks such as Laravel, Symfony and CodeIgniter simplify development and improve code quality. 3. Performance optimization and best practices further improve application efficiency.

PHPhassignificantlyimpactedwebdevelopmentandextendsbeyondit.1)ItpowersmajorplatformslikeWordPressandexcelsindatabaseinteractions.2)PHP'sadaptabilityallowsittoscaleforlargeapplicationsusingframeworkslikeLaravel.3)Beyondweb,PHPisusedincommand-linescrip

PHP type prompts to improve code quality and readability. 1) Scalar type tips: Since PHP7.0, basic data types are allowed to be specified in function parameters, such as int, float, etc. 2) Return type prompt: Ensure the consistency of the function return value type. 3) Union type prompt: Since PHP8.0, multiple types are allowed to be specified in function parameters or return values. 4) Nullable type prompt: Allows to include null values and handle functions that may return null values.

In PHP, use the clone keyword to create a copy of the object and customize the cloning behavior through the \_\_clone magic method. 1. Use the clone keyword to make a shallow copy, cloning the object's properties but not the object's properties. 2. The \_\_clone method can deeply copy nested objects to avoid shallow copying problems. 3. Pay attention to avoid circular references and performance problems in cloning, and optimize cloning operations to improve efficiency.

PHP is suitable for web development and content management systems, and Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and automation scripts. 1.PHP performs well in building fast and scalable websites and applications and is commonly used in CMS such as WordPress. 2. Python has performed outstandingly in the fields of data science and machine learning, with rich libraries such as NumPy and TensorFlow.


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