Best practice sharing of PHP code specifications

Best practice sharing of PHP code specifications

Introduction:
PHP is a widely used scripting language and is widely used in the field of Web development. However, due to the flexibility and looseness of the PHP language, it can easily lead to a decrease in code quality and cause problems to the maintainability and scalability of the project. In order to improve code quality and development efficiency, it is very important to follow PHP code specifications. This article will share some best practices for PHP code specifications and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Naming specifications

1. Use meaningful naming: The naming of variables, functions and classes should be descriptive, clear and able to accurately convey their meaning.

Example:

// 不好的命名
$name = "j";
$s = 10;

// 更好的命名
$studentName = "John";
$score = 10;

2. Use camelCase nomenclature: Variables and functions should start with a lowercase letter and use camelCase nomenclature.

Example:

// 不好的命名
$student_name = "John";

// 更好的命名
$studentName = "John";

3. Use Pascal nomenclature for class names: Class names should start with a capital letter and use Pascal nomenclature.

Example:

// 不好的命名
class student {}

// 更好的命名
class Student {}

2. Indentation and Spaces

1. Use four spaces for indentation: Keep the code readable, each Layer logic should be indented using four spaces.

Example:

// 不好的缩进
function foo(){
echo "Hello, World!";
}

// 更好的缩进
function foo(){
    echo "Hello, World!";
}

2. Use a space to separate operators: Adding a space on both sides of the operator can more clearly distinguish the operator and the operand.

Example:

// 不好的空格使用
$result=$a+$b;

// 更好的空格使用
$result = $a + $b;

3. Code structure

1. Use brackets to wrap code blocks: No matter how many lines of code there are in the code block, they should Use braces for wrapping.

Example:

// 不好的代码结构
if ($a > 0)
    echo "Positive";

// 更好的代码结构
if ($a > 0) {
    echo "Positive";
}

2. Use appropriate blank lines for code separation: Using blank lines between code blocks and at appropriate locations within the code can improve the quality of the code. readability.

Example:

// 不好的代码分隔
function foo(){
    echo "Hello";
    return "World";
}
function bar(){
    echo "Goodbye";
}

// 更好的代码分隔
function foo(){
    echo "Hello";
    return "World";
}

function bar(){
    echo "Goodbye";
}

4. Comment specifications

1. Use comments to explain the function of the code: Use comments to explain the logic, intention and special circumstances of the code, Make it easier for other developers to understand and maintain the code.

Example:

// 计算两个数的和
function sum($a, $b){
    return $a + $b;
}

2. Avoid useless comments: Comments should have practical meaning and avoid duplicate or useless comments.

Example:

// 不好的注释
$name = "John"; // 设置$name为"John"

// 更好的注释
$name = "John";

5. Other specifications

1. Avoid using global variables: Global variables will increase the complexity and unpredictability of the code, try to Avoid using global variables.

Example:

// 不好的使用全局变量
$name = "John";

function getName(){
    global $name;
    return $name;
}

// 更好的方式
function getName(){
    return "John";
}

2. Avoid using magic constants: Magic constants (such as __LINE__ and __FILE__) will increase the dependency and non-portability of the code and should be tried as much as possible Avoid use.

Example:

// 不好的使用魔术常量
echo "The current line is " . __LINE__;

// 更好的方式
$lineNumber = 10;
echo "The current line is " . $lineNumber;

Conclusion:
Following PHP code specifications can improve the readability, maintainability and scalability of the code. This article introduces some best practices for PHP coding standards and provides corresponding code examples. By following these specifications, we can write high-quality PHP code, improve development efficiency, and reduce errors and maintenance costs.

References:
[1] PHP standard specification: https://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-12/
[2] PHP coding specification: https:/ /www.php.net/manual/zh/coding-standards.php

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