Build a safe and reliable PHP online voting platform

Build a safe and reliable PHP online voting platform

With the rapid development of the Internet, online voting platforms are widely used in various fields, such as government elections, school elections, business decisions, etc. However, security and reliability become important concerns in the design of online voting platforms. This article will introduce how to use PHP language to build a safe and reliable online voting platform, and provide code examples for reference.

1. Database design and creation

First, we store voting-related data through the MySQL database. The following are examples of the creation of several database tables required by the voting platform:

1. User table (users): stores basic information of voting platform users, such as user names, passwords, etc.

CREATE TABLE users (

id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
password VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL

);

2. Voting topic table (polls): stores voting topic information, such as voting title, description, etc. .

CREATE TABLE polls (

id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
title VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
description TEXT NOT NULL

);

3. Options table (options): Stores option information for each voting topic.

CREATE TABLE options (

id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
poll_id INT(11) NOT NULL,
option_text VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
votes INT(11) DEFAULT 0

);

4. Voting record table (votes): A table that stores user voting records.

CREATE TABLE votes (

id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
user_id INT(11) NOT NULL,
poll_id INT(11) NOT NULL,
option_id INT(11) NOT NULL,
FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id),
FOREIGN KEY (poll_id) REFERENCES polls(id),
FOREIGN KEY (option_id) REFERENCES options(id)

);

2. User registration and login functions

When building a secure voting platform, User registration and login functions are a very important part. The following is a simple code example for user registration and login functions:

1. User registration (register.php):

<?php
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $password = password_hash($_POST['password'], PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
    
    // 将用户名和密码插入至数据库
    $sql = "INSERT INTO users (username, password) VALUES ('$username', '$password')";
    // 执行插入操作
    $result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
    
    if ($result) {
        echo "注册成功！";
    } else {
        echo "注册失败，请重试！";
    }
}
?>

<form action="register.php" method="POST">
    <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名" required>
    <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密码" required>
    <button type="submit">注册</button>
</form>

2. User login (login.php ):

<?php
session_start();

if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $username = $_POST['username'];
    $password = $_POST['password'];
    
    // 根据用户名查询数据库
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE username='$username'";
    $result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
    $user = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result);
    
    if ($user && password_verify($password, $user['password'])) {
        $_SESSION['user_id'] = $user['id'];
        $_SESSION['username'] = $user['username'];
        header("Location: dashboard.php");
    } else {
        echo "用户名或密码错误！";
    }
}
?>

<form action="login.php" method="POST">
    <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名" required>
    <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="密码" required>
    <button type="submit">登录</button>
</form>

3. Create the voting function

After implementing the user registration and login functions, below we will introduce how to create the voting function. The following is a code example to create a poll topic and options:

1. Create a poll topic (create_poll.php):

<?php
session_start();

if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST' && isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    $title = $_POST['title'];
    $description = $_POST['description'];
    $options = $_POST['options'];
    
    // 插入投票主题表
    $sql = "INSERT INTO polls (title, description) VALUES ('$title', '$description')";
    mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
    $poll_id = mysqli_insert_id($conn);
    
    foreach ($options as $option) {
        // 插入选项表
        $sql = "INSERT INTO options (poll_id, option_text) VALUES ('$poll_id', '$option')";
        mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
    }
    
    echo "投票主题创建成功！";
}
?>

<form action="create_poll.php" method="POST">
    <input type="text" name="title" placeholder="投票标题" required>
    <textarea name="description" placeholder="投票描述" required></textarea>
    <label>选项1：<input type="text" name="options[]" required></label>
    <label>选项2：<input type="text" name="options[]" required></label>
    <button type="submit">创建投票</button>
</form>

2. Display a poll topic and options (dashboard. php):

<?php
session_start();

if (isset($_SESSION['user_id'])) {
    // 查询所有投票主题
    $sql = "SELECT * FROM polls";
    $result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
    $polls = mysqli_fetch_all($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC);
    
    foreach ($polls as $poll) {
        echo "<h3>" . $poll['title'] . "</h3>";
        echo "<p>" . $poll['description'] . "</p>";
        
        // 查询选项列表
        $sql = "SELECT * FROM options WHERE poll_id=" . $poll['id'];
        $result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
        $options = mysqli_fetch_all($result, MYSQLI_ASSOC);
        
        foreach ($options as $option) {
            echo "<label><input type='radio' name='option' value='" . $option['id'] . "'> " . $option['option_text'] . "</label>";
        }
        
        echo "<button type='submit'>投票</button>";
        echo "<hr>";
    }
} else {
    echo "请先登录！";
}
?>

In summary, we have successfully built a safe and reliable PHP online voting platform. Through the design and creation of the database, the implementation of user registration and login functions, and the development of voting functions, we can easily conduct online voting. Of course, the sample code here is just a simple implementation, and more security issues need to be considered in actual applications, such as preventing SQL injection, XSS attacks, etc. I hope this article is helpful to you and I wish you build a better online voting platform!

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