Detailed explanation of methods and precautions for building a web server on CentOS

Detailed explanation of the methods and precautions for building a web server on CentOS

Abstract: This article will introduce in detail the methods and precautions for building a web server on the CentOS operating system. First, we'll cover how to install and configure the Apache HTTP server. Then, we'll discuss how to install and configure PHP and MySQL to support dynamic web pages and databases. Finally, we provide some considerations to ensure the security and performance of your server.

1. Installing and Configuring Apache HTTP Server

Apache is one of the most commonly used HTTP server software, with reliability and stability. The following are the steps to install and configure Apache on CentOS:

1.1 Update the system

Before installing Apache, first you need to ensure that the system is up to date. Open the terminal and enter the following command:

sudo yum update

1.2 Install Apache

Enter the following command in the terminal to install Apache:

sudo yum install httpd

After the installation is complete, start Apache and set it to start automatically at boot ：

sudo systemctl start httpd
sudo systemctl enable httpd

1.3 Configure firewall

By default, CentOS’s firewall may block external access to Apache. We need to allow HTTP and HTTPS traffic through. Enter the following command in the terminal:

sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=https
sudo firewall-cmd --reload

2. Install and configure PHP

PHP is a commonly used server-side scripting language that is used in conjunction with Apache to make web pages dynamic Function. The following are the steps to install and configure PHP on CentOS:

2.1 Install PHP

Enter the following command in the terminal to install PHP:

sudo yum install php

After the installation is complete, restart Apache ：

sudo systemctl restart httpd

2.2 Configure PHP

Open the PHP configuration file and enable the necessary extensions. Enter the following command in the terminal:

sudo vi /etc/php.ini

Find the following line and uncomment it:

;extension=mysqli.so

Save and close the file. Restart Apache:

sudo systemctl restart httpd

3. Install and configure MySQL

MySQL is a popular relational database management system used to store website data. The following are the steps to install and configure MySQL on CentOS:

3.1 Install MySQL

Enter the following command in the terminal to install MySQL:

sudo yum install mysql-server

After the installation is complete, start MySQL and Set up auto-start at boot:

sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld

3.2 Configure MySQL

Run the MySQL security script to improve security and set the root password:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Follow the prompts and set the root password and other security options. Once completed, restart MySQL:

sudo systemctl restart mysqld

4. Notes

4.1 Security

To protect the security of your server and website, you should Take the following measures:

• Regularly update the latest versions of operating systems, software such as Apache, PHP and MySQL.
• Restrict external access to only necessary ports and services.
• Configure the firewall to only allow necessary traffic to pass.
• Use complex passwords and change them regularly.
• Configure appropriate permissions to restrict access to files and directories.

4.2 Performance Optimization

In order to improve the performance of the server and website, you can consider the following optimization measures:

• Use caching technology, such as using Redis, Memcached etc.
• Compress web pages and reduce the size of transmitted data.
• Enable gzip compression to reduce the transfer time of static files.
• Set the correct cache headers.
• Use CDN (Content Delivery Network) to speed up access.

Summary: This article introduces in detail the methods and precautions for building a web server on CentOS. We installed and configured the Apache HTTP server, PHP and MySQL, and provided some advice on server security and performance optimization. I hope this article can help you successfully set up and manage your web server.

The above is the detailed content of Detailed explanation of methods and precautions for building a web server on CentOS. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!