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HomeCommon ProblemHow to view and manage Linux command history

How to view command history in Linux

We can use the history command in Linux to get a list of all previously executed commands. It has a very simple syntax:

history <options>

Some options paired with the history command include:

Options Description
-c Clear the command history of the current session
-w Write command history to file
-r Reload command history from history file
-n Limit the number of outputs from recent commands

只需运行 history 命令即可在 Linux 终端中查看所有以前执行的命令的列表:

如何查看和管理 Linux 命令历史记录

除了查看命令历史记录之外,您还可以管理命令历史记录并执行修改先前执行的命令、反向搜索命令历史记录甚至完全删除历史记录等操作。

如何修改以前执行的 Linux 命令

如前所述,您执行的每个命令都存储在命令历史记录中。要修改或重用之前执行的命令,可以使用以下任一步骤:-

使用命令历史记录扩展

感叹号“!”与“事件指示符”配对时扩展了 bash 历史记录。您可以使用的一些事件指示符是 –

  • !!– 将执行的最后一个命令插入 shell 提示符。
  • – 将执行的第 n 个命令插入 shell 提示符。
  • – 指最近执行的。
  • !? – 指包含的最新命令。
  • 如何查看和管理 Linux 命令历史记录

如何查看和管理 Linux 命令历史记录

有时,滚动浏览数千个命令的整个列表以搜索特定命令是不可行的。为此,您可以使用带有“CTRL + r”的反向命令搜索。它将打开一个新提示。在这里键入要搜索的命令,将显示之前执行的完整命令。按键盘上的回车键执行命令。

如何查看和管理 Linux 命令历史记录

如何在 Linux 中清除命令历史记录

要清除整个命令历史记录,请将 -c 标志与历史记录命令一起使用。

history -c
如何查看和管理 Linux 命令历史记录

如何在 Linux 中修改命令历史记录约束

在 Linux 上,bash 命令历史记录会根据一些限制条件进行适当保存。系统环境变量包含了所有这些约束,并且可像用户定义的环境变量一样进行修改。

限制存储的命令数

要限制存储在历史记录中的命令数量,请使用以下语法设置 HISTSIZE 环境变量 –

export HISTSIZE=<max_commands_to_store>

例如,要仅存储最近的 1000 个命令 –

export HISTSIZE=1000
如何查看和管理 Linux 命令历史记录

忽略特定命令

要从命令历史记录中保存的特定命令中排除,请将 HISTIGNORE 环境变量与此语法一起使用 –

export HISTIGNORE=<command1:command2:command3>

在这里,命令“command1”,“command2”和“command3”被设置为从bash命令历史记录中排除。例如,要排除命令 ls、cd 和 exit –

export HISTIGNORE='ls:cd:exit'
如何查看和管理 Linux 命令历史记录

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