What are the php character sets?

php character sets include: 1. ASCII, one of the earliest character sets, containing 128 characters, limited to English letters, numbers and some special characters; 2. ISO-8859, each character set can be processed Different languages; 3. UTF-8, a special character set that can handle all characters in the Unicode character set; 4. GBK/GB2312, a character set for Simplified Chinese; 5. Big5, a character set for Traditional Chinese.

The operating system of this tutorial: Windows10 system, PHP version 8.1.3, DELL G3 computer.

Character set plays a very important role when programming PHP. A character set determines the characters that can be used and how character data is stored and transmitted. In this article, we'll introduce some common PHP character sets and gain insight into their use in real-world applications.

1. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

ASCII is one of the earliest character sets, as it only contains 128 characters and is limited to English letters , numbers, and some special characters, so there are limitations when processing non-English characters in various languages. The ASCII character set is widely used in PHP, especially when dealing with basic text data.

2. ISO-8859 (International Standards Organization 8859 Series)

The ISO-8859 series is a set of character sets, each of which can handle different languages. The most commonly used character set is ISO-8859-1, also known as the Latin-1 character set, which includes most characters in Western European languages. The ISO-8859 series can be used by specifying different encodings. For example, ISO-8859-1 uses Latin-1 encoding.

3. UTF-8 (Variable Length Unicode)

UTF-8 is a special character set that can handle all characters in the Unicode character set . UTF-8 uses a variable-length encoding, making it adaptable to various character storage and transmission needs. UTF-8 is widely used in PHP to process multi-language text and international applications.

4. GBK/GB2312 (Chinese character set)

GBK and GB2312 are two character sets widely used in Simplified Chinese. GBK is an extension of GB2312 and can handle more Chinese characters. These character sets are very common in processing Chinese text and in Chinese website development.

5. Big5 (Traditional Chinese character set)

Big5 is a character set for Traditional Chinese, often used on Chinese websites in Taiwan and some other regions use. For processing Traditional Chinese, Big5 is an important character set option.

The character sets listed above are only a small part of PHP. Different character sets are suitable for different application scenarios. In actual development, we need to choose an appropriate character set according to specific needs. In addition, you also need to pay attention to the conversion and processing of character sets to ensure the correct transmission and display of character data.

In PHP, we can use built-in functions to process character sets. For example, you can use the mbstring extension for UTF-8 character processing, or the iconv function for character set conversion. At the same time, PHP also provides some other functions, such as mb_convert_encoding and htmlspecialchars, which can be used to handle conversion between different character sets and the escaping of special characters.

To sum up, character sets are widely used in PHP. By understanding common character sets, we can better handle text data and multilingual applications. Choosing the appropriate character set and corresponding processing functions can ensure the correct transmission and display of character data in various environments and improve the compatibility and reliability of applications.

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