How to use the selenium module for automated testing of web pages in Python 3.x

How to use the selenium module for automated testing of web pages in Python 3.x

Introduction:
With the continuous development of the Internet, automated testing of web pages is becoming more and more common, and the selenium module in the Python language It has become a commonly used web page automation testing tool. This article will introduce how to use Python 3 and the selenium module for automated testing of web pages, and provide readers with some code examples.

1. Install the selenium module
Before we begin, we need to install the selenium module first. You can use the pip command to install it, as shown below:

pip install selenium

2. Configure the driver
selenium needs to operate the browser through the browser driver, so we need to download the corresponding browser driver first. selenium supports multiple browsers, such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc. This article uses the Chrome browser as an example to illustrate.

First of all, we need to check the version number of the Chrome browser currently used. You can check the version number by typing chrome://version/ in the Chrome browser's address bar.

Then, we need to download the corresponding version of the Chrome browser driver. It can be downloaded from the official Chrome browser website or from third-party websites.

After the download is completed, add the path where the driver is located to the environment variable PATH.

3. Use selenium for web page automation testing
Below we will use an example to demonstrate how to use selenium for web page automation testing. Suppose we want to test the Baidu search function, the code is as follows:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

# 创建一个 Chrome 浏览器的实例
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# 打开百度首页
driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

# 定位输入框
input_box = driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#kw")

# 输入关键字并回车
input_box.send_keys("selenium")
input_box.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)

# 获取搜索结果
results = driver.find_elements_by_css_selector(".result")

# 输出搜索结果的标题和链接
for result in results:
    title = result.find_element_by_css_selector("h3").text
    link = result.find_element_by_css_selector("a").get_attribute("href")
    print("标题：", title)
    print("链接：", link)

# 关闭浏览器
driver.quit()

In the above code, we first imported the two classes webdriver and Keys. The webdriver class is the core class of selenium and is used to control the browser. Keys The class defines some keys on the keyboard, such as the Enter key.

Then, we created an instance of the Chrome browser and opened the Baidu homepage. Next, we positioned the input box and entered the keyword "selenium" into the input box and pressed Enter.

Then, we get all the search results through the find_elements_by_css_selector method. Then iterate through the search results, get the title and link of each result, and output it to the console.

Finally, we closed the browser.

4. Summary
This article introduces how to use Python 3 and selenium modules for automated testing of web pages, and provides a code example. Through the powerful functions of selenium, we can simulate user operations to automatically test various functions of web pages. I hope this article is helpful to you and can provide some reference for your web page automation testing work.

The above is the detailed content of How to use the selenium module for automated testing of web pages in Python 3.x. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!