Beautify your user interface with new JavaFX CSS stylesheets in Java 13

Use the new JavaFX CSS style sheet in Java 13 to beautify the user interface

Introduction:
In software development, the beauty and ease of use of the user interface are crucial to improving the user experience. JavaFX is a modern, expressive interface technology on the Java platform that provides rich UI components and functions. In order to make the user interface more beautiful, JavaFX provides CSS style sheets to beautify and customize the interface. In Java 13, JavaFX introduces a new CSS style sheet to make the interface style more flexible, easier to maintain and expand. This article will introduce how to use the new JavaFX CSS style sheet in Java 13 to beautify the user interface, and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Set CSS style sheet:
In JavaFX, you can beautify the user interface by setting CSS style sheet. In Java 13, new CSS stylesheet syntax is available with more powerful features.

The CSS style sheet can be set through the setUserAgentStylesheet() method of the Scene class. The following is a code example for setting a CSS style sheet:

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class Main extends Application {

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        // 创建按钮
        Button button = new Button("Click me!");

        // 创建布局并添加按钮
        StackPane root = new StackPane(button);

        // 创建场景并设置CSS样式表
        Scene scene = new Scene(root, 200, 200);
        scene.getStylesheets().add("style.css");

        // 设置场景并显示窗口
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
}

2. Writing of CSS style sheets:
In JavaFX, CSS style sheets use syntax similar to HTML and CSS, with selectors and styles. structure.

The following is the content of a simple style.css file:

.button {
    -fx-background-color: #4CAF50; /* 按钮背景颜色 */
    -fx-text-fill: white; /* 按钮文字颜色 */
    -fx-font-size: 14px; /* 按钮文字大小 */
    -fx-padding: 10px 20px; /* 按钮内边距 */
    -fx-border-radius: 5px; /* 按钮边角半径 */
}

.button:hover {
    -fx-background-color: #45A049; /* 鼠标悬停时按钮背景颜色 */
}

3. Use CSS style sheets to set interface styles:
By setting CSS style sheets, we can easily change the interface The style of the element. In the above example, we set the button's background color, text color, text size, padding and corner radius, and set a different background color for the mouseover state.

4. Custom styles:
In addition to using the built-in CSS styles, we can also customize styles. More customization needs can be achieved by setting up a custom CSS class and then styling the class in a CSS stylesheet.

Here is an example where we customize a CSS class and set a style for the class:

.custom-button {
    -fx-background-color: #008CBA; /* 按钮背景颜色 */
    -fx-text-fill: white; /* 按钮文字颜色 */
    -fx-padding: 10px 20px; /* 按钮内边距 */
    -fx-border-radius: 5px; /* 按钮边角半径 */
}

We can then use this custom class in Java code to set the button Style:

Button button = new Button("Click me!");
button.getStyleClass().add("custom-button");

By using custom CSS classes, we can respond to the customization needs of the interface more flexibly.

Summary:
The new JavaFX CSS style sheet in Java 13 provides us with more powerful interface beautification and customization functions. By using CSS style sheets, we can easily modify the style of interface elements and achieve more flexible customization needs. When developing JavaFX applications, we can take advantage of these features to improve the aesthetics and ease of use of the user interface, thereby improving the user experience.

Note: The Java code examples provided in this article are applicable to JavaFX 13 and above. If you want to run on other versions, please make appropriate modifications according to the JavaFX API of the corresponding version.

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