How to use Docker for container backup and recovery on Linux?

How to use Docker for container backup and recovery on Linux?

Introduction:
Docker is a popular containerization technology that helps developers easily build and deploy applications. When using Docker, it is very important to back up and restore containers to protect our applications and data from accidental damage or loss. This article will introduce how to use Docker for container backup and recovery operations on Linux, and provide code examples to help readers better understand.

1. Back up containers

1. View the container list
   First, we need to view the list of currently running containers to determine the containers to be backed up. You can use the following command to view the container list:

docker ps

2. Backup Container
   Backing up a container is very simple, just package the container into an image. The following is an example of a command to back up a container:

docker commit <容器ID> <镜像名>:<标签>

Among them, the container ID is the identifier of the container to be backed up, the image name is the image name after backup, and the label is optional.

3. Export image
   After backing up the container, we can export the backed up image to a .tar file so that it can be saved locally or moved to other machines. The following is an example of a command to export an image:

docker save -o <文件名>.tar <镜像名>:<标签>

where the file name is the exported file name, and the image name and label are the name and label of the previously backed up image.

2. Restore the container

1. Import the image
   Before restoring the container, we must first import the backup image. You can use the following command to import the backed up image:

docker load -i <文件名>.tar

where the file name is the name of the previously backed up .tar file.

2. Create a container
   After the backup image is imported, we can use it to create a new container. The following is an example of a command to create a container:

docker run -d --name <容器名> <镜像名>:<标签>

Among them, the container name is the name of the newly created container, and the image name and label are the name and label of the previously backed up image.

3. Restore data
   After creating the container, we also need to restore the data in the container. Generally, data in containers is usually stored in volumes, so we need to mount the volume to restore the data. The following is an example of a command to restore data:

docker run -d --name <容器名> -v <主机目录>:<容器目录> <镜像名>:<标签>

where the container name is the name of the newly created container, the host directory is the host directory where the data is stored, and the container directory is the directory in the container used to store data. The image name and label are those of the previously backed up image.

3. Code Example
The following is a complete example of backing up and restoring a container:

# 备份容器
docker commit <容器ID> <镜像名>:<标签>

# 导出镜像
docker save -o <文件名>.tar <镜像名>:<标签>

# 导入镜像
docker load -i <文件名>.tar

# 创建容器
docker run -d --name <容器名> <镜像名>:<标签>

# 恢复数据
docker run -d --name <容器名> -v <主机目录>:<容器目录> <镜像名>:<标签>

Summary:
Backing up and restoring containers is very important to protect our Applications and data are protected from accidental damage or loss. By using the commands and techniques provided by Docker, we can easily backup and restore containers. Container backup and recovery operations can be completed in just a few simple steps. Note, however, that before proceeding with backup and recovery operations, make sure your containers and applications are in a reliable state.

Reference:

• Docker Documentation: https://docs.docker.com/
• Docker CLI Reference: https://docs.docker.com/ engine/reference/commandline/cli/

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