Some time ago, my colleague added a very simple function. Before going online in the eveningreview
When he was coding, he thought of the company's values of hard work and enterprising and temporarily added a line of logs. He thought that there was basically no problem with a simple line of logs. As a result, there were a lot of alarms after just finishing the line. He quickly rolled back the code, found the problem and deleted it. Add the log code and go online again.
##❝defined ACountryDTO
❞public class CountryDTO { private String country; public void setCountry(String country) { this.country = country; } public String getCountry() { return this.country; } public Boolean isChinaName() { return this.country.equals("中国"); } }
❝Define Test ClassNull PointerFastJonTest
❞ ##public class FastJonTest { @Test public void testSerialize() { CountryDTO countryDTO = new CountryDTO(); String str = JSON.toJSONString(countryDTO); System.out.println(str); } }Run Times
Error:
It can be seen from the error message that the isChinaName()
method was executed during the serialization process. At this time, the this.country
variable is empty, so the problem arises:
isChinaName()
? Observe the stack information of the calling link through debug
The ASMSerializer_1_CountryDTO.write
in the call chain is FastJson
using asm
Technology dynamically generated a classASMSerializer_1_CountryDTO
.
❝
asm技术其中一项使用场景就是通过到动态生成类用来代替
java
反射,从而避免重复执行时的反射开销❞
通过下图看出序列化的过程中,主要是调用JavaBeanSerializer
类的write()
方法。
ObjectSerializer实现类JavaBeanSerializer
而JavaBeanSerializer
主要是通过getObjectWriter()
方法获取,通过对getObjectWriter()
执行过程的调试,找到比较关键的com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializeConfig#createJavaBeanSerializer
方法,进而找到 com.alibaba.fastjson.util.TypeUtils#computeGetters
public static List<FieldInfo> computeGetters(Class<?> clazz, // JSONType jsonType, // Map<String,String> aliasMap, // Map<String,Field> fieldCacheMap, // boolean sorted, // PropertyNamingStrategy propertyNamingStrategy // ){ //省略部分代码.... Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods(); for(Method method : methods){ //省略部分代码... if(method.getReturnType().equals(Void.TYPE)){ continue; } if(method.getParameterTypes().length != 0){ continue; } //省略部分代码... JSONField annotation = TypeUtils.getAnnotation(method, JSONField.class); //省略部分代码... if(annotation != null){ if(!annotation.serialize()){ continue; } if(annotation.name().length() != 0){ //省略部分代码... } } if(methodName.startsWith("get")){ //省略部分代码... } if(methodName.startsWith("is")){ //省略部分代码... } } }
从代码中大致分为三种情况:
@JSONField(.serialize = false, name = "xxx")
注解getXxx()
: get开头的方法isXxx()
:is开头的方法序列化流程图
/** * case1: @JSONField(serialize = false) * case2: getXxx()返回值为void * case3: isXxx()返回值不等于布尔类型 * case4: @JSONType(ignores = "xxx") */ @JSONType(ignores = "otherName") public class CountryDTO { private String country; public void setCountry(String country) { this.country = country; } public String getCountry() { return this.country; } public static void queryCountryList() { System.out.println("queryCountryList()执行!!"); } public Boolean isChinaName() { System.out.println("isChinaName()执行!!"); return true; } public String getEnglishName() { System.out.println("getEnglishName()执行!!"); return "lucy"; } public String getOtherName() { System.out.println("getOtherName()执行!!"); return "lucy"; } /** * case1: @JSONField(serialize = false) */ @JSONField(serialize = false) public String getEnglishName2() { System.out.println("getEnglishName2()执行!!"); return "lucy"; } /** * case2: getXxx()返回值为void */ public void getEnglishName3() { System.out.println("getEnglishName3()执行!!"); } /** * case3: isXxx()返回值不等于布尔类型 */ public String isChinaName2() { System.out.println("isChinaName2()执行!!"); return "isChinaName2"; } }
运行结果为:
isChinaName()执行!! getEnglishName()执行!! {"chinaName":true,"englishName":"lucy"}
可以看出来序列化的规则还是很多的,比如有时需要关注返回值,有时需要关注参数个数,有时需要关注@JSONType
注解,有时需要关注@JSONField
注解;当一个事物的判别方式有多种的时候,由于团队人员掌握知识点的程度不一样,这个方差很容易导致代码问题,所以尽量有一种推荐方案。
这里推荐使用@JSONField(serialize = false)
来显式的标注方法不参与序列化,下面是使用@JSONField
注解后的代码,是不是一眼就能看出来哪些方法不需要参与序列化了。
public class CountryDTO { private String country; public void setCountry(String country) { this.country = country; } public String getCountry() { return this.country; } @JSONField(serialize = false) public static void queryCountryList() { System.out.println("queryCountryList()执行!!"); } public Boolean isChinaName() { System.out.println("isChinaName()执行!!"); return true; } public String getEnglishName() { System.out.println("getEnglishName()执行!!"); return "lucy"; } @JSONField(serialize = false) public String getOtherName() { System.out.println("getOtherName()执行!!"); return "lucy"; } @JSONField(serialize = false) public String getEnglishName2() { System.out.println("getEnglishName2()执行!!"); return "lucy"; } @JSONField(serialize = false) public void getEnglishName3() { System.out.println("getEnglishName3()执行!!"); } @JSONField(serialize = false) public String isChinaName2() { System.out.println("isChinaName2()执行!!"); return "isChinaName2"; } }
三个频率高的序列化的情况
以上流程基本遵循,发现问题 --> 原理分析 --> 解决问题 --> 升华(编程规范)。
但其实这段代码我并不满意,原因是和 FastJson 依赖太高了。我想要的效果是,不依赖任何特定的 JSON 序列化框架。当我需要替换掉它的时候,随时可以替换掉。
并且在写代码时,不要过于依赖日志。打日志只需要打紧要且关键的信息即可,不要什么日志都打,我曾见过一个系统,一个小时,把 128G 磁盘跑满的管理系统。几乎没啥并发,但几乎每个请求都输出几 M 的日志,这件事我后面会单独拿出来讲讲。
关于@JSONField
和@JSONType
等特性注解,后面我会在团队内规范并给出新的解耦方案,把它们移除掉。
The above is the detailed content of A line of log caused an online accident of P1. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!