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An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

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2023-07-25 16:04:011443browse

1. Introduction to functions

The so-called function refers to: the code of certain specific functions is composed into a whole, and this whole is called a function.


2. Function Definition and Calling

What is the definition of a function : It’s equivalent to defining a function that can complete certain events; it’s like building a tool yourself.

Define function format:

def test():
    print('----嘻嘻----')
    print('----这是我的第一个函数----')

What is a function call: If you just define a function, it actually cannot It is automatically executed and must be called.

# In layman's terms: defining a function is equivalent to creating a tool, and calling a function is equivalent to using this tool to accomplish what you want to do.

# 定义一个函数
def test():
    print('----嘻嘻----')
    print('----这是我的第一个函数----')




# 调用函数
test()

Running results:

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

The reason why Python is becoming more and more popular One of the reasons why developers love it is: rich functions, basically all the functions needed in Python are available.

时间函数

开发中,经常需要打印一些调试的信息,此时就又必须要输出时间,这就需要一些时间函数。

1. 获取当前日期:time.time()

import time  # 引入time模块


currentTime = time.time()
print("当前时间戳为:", currentTime)

运行结果 :

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

2. 获取元组形式的时间戳:time.local(time.time())

import time
    
localtime = time.localtime(time.time())
print  ( "本地时间为 :", localtime)

运行结果 :

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

import time
 
localtime = time.asctime( time.localtime(time.time()) )
print ( "本地时间为 :", localtime)

运行结果 :

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

拓展(datetime模块):

1. 日期输出格式化 datetime => string

import datetime


now = datetime.datetime.now()


now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

2. 日期输出格式化 string => datetime

import datetime


t_str = '2019-04-07 16:11:21'


d = datetime.datetime.strptime(t_str, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')


print(d)

运行结果:

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

strptime是datetime类的静态方法。

3. 日期比较操作

在datetime模块中有timedelta类,这个类的对象用于表示一个时间间隔,比如两个日期或者时间的差别。

构造方法:

import datetime


datetime.timedelta(days=0, seconds=0, microseconds=0, milliseconds=0, minutes=0, hours=0, weeks=0)

所有的参数都有默认值0,这些参数可以是int或float,正的或负的。

可以通过 timedelta.days、tiemdelta.seconds 等获取相应的时间值。

timedelta 类的实例,支持加、减、乘、除等操作,所得的结果也是 timedelta 类的实例。

import datetime


year = datetime.timedelta(days=365)


t_years = year *10


new_years = ten_years - year 


print(t_years)


print(new_years)

运行结果:

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

date、time和datetime类也支持与timedelta的加、减运算。

datetime1 = datetime2 + timedelta
timedelta = datetime1 - datetime2

这样,可以很方便的实现一些功能。

日历函数

import calendar
 
dar = calendar.month(2016, 8)
print ( "2016年8月份的日历:")
print (dar)

运行结果:

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python

随机数函数

import random


a = random.uniform(1, 5)
print("a =", a)




b = random.randint(10, 50)
print ("b =", b)




c = random.randrange(0, 51, 2)
print ("c =", c)

运行结果:

An article teaches you how to use three simple functions in Python


三、总结

本文详细的讲解了Python基础之函数的定义,调用 。介绍了常用的三种函数的使用方法。通过一个个的小项目使读者更好的认识和运用函数,希望可以帮助你更好的学习Python。

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