Buffer configuration and performance testing method of http.Transport in Go language

Buffer configuration and performance testing method of http.Transport in Go language

Introduction:
When using Go language for network programming, we often need to use http.Transport to send HTTP requests. http.Transport is a very important component, which is responsible for managing HTTP connection pools, timeout settings, TLS configuration and other functions. In actual applications, we sometimes need to configure the buffer of http.Transport to optimize performance, and we need to verify the effectiveness of the configuration through performance testing. This article will introduce how to configure the buffer of http.Transport and provide a simple performance testing method.

1. Buffer configuration
The buffer configuration of http.Transport involves two parameters: MaxIdleConns and MaxIdleConnsPerHost. MaxIdleConns represents the maximum number of idle connections in the connection pool, and MaxIdleConnsPerHost represents the maximum number of idle connections per host.

The following is a sample code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    transport := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
    
    // 设置最大的空闲连接数为100
    transport.MaxIdleConns = 100
    
    // 设置每个主机的最大空闲连接数为10
    transport.MaxIdleConnsPerHost = 10
    
    client := http.Client{
        Transport: transport,
        Timeout:   5 * time.Second,
    }
    
    response, err := client.Get("https://example.com")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Error:", err)
        return
    }
    defer response.Body.Close()
    
    fmt.Println("Status:", response.Status)
}

In the above code, we got the instance transport of http.Transport by modifying http.DefaultTransport and configured the buffer. Among them, we set MaxIdleConns to 100 and MaxIdleConnsPerHost to 10. This means that a maximum of 100 idle connections are saved in the connection pool, and a maximum of 10 idle connections are saved per host.

2. Performance testing method
In order to verify whether the buffer configuration of http.Transport is effective, we can use the Go language stress testing tools go test and httptest to simulate multiple concurrent scenarios for testing.

First, we need to create a test file buffer_test.go, the content is as follows:

package main

import (
    "net/http"
    "testing"
)

func TestBuffer(t *testing.T) {
    // 创建HTTP服务器
    handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
    })
    server := httptest.NewServer(handler)
    defer server.Close()

    transport := http.DefaultTransport.(*http.Transport)
    transport.MaxIdleConns = 100
    transport.MaxIdleConnsPerHost = 10

    client := http.Client{
        Transport: transport,
    }

    // 启动100个并发请求
    numWorkers := 100
    done := make(chan struct{})
    for i := 0; i < numWorkers; i++ {
        go func() {
            // 发送请求
            _, err := client.Get(server.URL)
            if err != nil {
                t.Error(err)
            }

            done <- struct{}{}
        }()
    }

    // 等待所有请求结束
    for i := 0; i < numWorkers; i++ {
        <-done
    }
}

In the above code, we started 100 concurrent requests in the TestBuffer function, each request will Sent to an HTTP server and returns HTTP status code 200. We have configured http.Transport in the code with the same buffer configuration as the previous example code.

Enter the command line and enter the following command to run the test:

go test -v -run=TestBuffer

You can see from the output of the command line that each request in the test returns HTTP status code 200, indicating that the buffer configuration is Effective.

Summary:
This article introduces how to configure the http.Transport buffer in the Go language and provides a simple performance testing method. By properly configuring the buffer, we can optimize the performance of network requests and improve the response speed of the application. I hope this article will be helpful to you when using Go language for network programming.

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