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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP基础学习之流程控制的实现分析_PHP

PHP 有三大流程控制:顺序控制,分支控制,循环控制。

1、顺序控制:就是程序按顺序从上往下一步一步的执行。

2、分支控制:程序有选择的执行。又分单分支,多分支,多重分支。

a、单分支:基本语法结构:

if(条件表达式){

  语句;

  //.....;

} 提示:条件表达式不管有多复杂,最终就是true或者false;

eg:

a=11;

if(a>10){

  echo "a>10";

}

b、多分支:基本语法:

if(条件表达式){

  语句;

  //.....;

}else{

  语句;

  //.....;

}

c、多重分支:基本语法:

if(条件表达式){

  语句;n个语句;

}else if(条件表达式){

语句;n个语句;

}elseif(条件表达式){

语句;n个语句;

}eles{

语句;n个语句;

} 提示:1、else if 可以有一个 也可以有多个。2、最后那个else可以没有

d、switch分支语句

switch(表达式){

  case 常量1:

    语句;n个语句;

    break;

  case 常量2:

    语句;n个语句;

    break;

  case 常量3:

    语句;n个语句;

    break;

  default:

    语句;n个语句;

    break;

}注意:

1、case 语句有一到多 2、defaul 语句可以没有(根据自己代码的业务逻辑) 3、通常,在case 语句后,要带break ,表示退出switch语句 4、常量的类型 (int, float, 字符串, 布尔型)

重点:程序首先按照case顺序进行配置,如果一个都没有匹配到,则执行 default语句的内容,直到遇到break,则退出switch;

 if  和 switch 分支比较:

if 对某个范围的判断,而switch是对一个点的判断, 所以我们可以这样去选择他们:

应用场景: 当我们 的分支就是几个点的时候(比如判断坦克的方向),就应当使用swtich ,如果你的分支是几个区域(范围)的判断,则考虑使用if
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