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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial基于ubuntu下nginx+php+mysql安装配置的具体操作步骤_PHP

UbuntuNginx

1、更新

1 sudo apt-get update

2、安装nginx

1 sudo apt-get intsall nginx 

Ubuntu安装之后的文件结构大致为:
* 所有的配置文件都在/etc/nginx下,并且每个虚拟主机已经安排在了/etc/nginx/sites-available下
*程序文件在/usr/sbin/nginx * 日志放在了/var/log/nginx中
*并已经在/etc/init.d/下创建了启动脚本nginx
* 默认的虚拟主机的目录设置在了/var/www/nginx-default

下面可以启动nginx来看看效果(请确保80端口没有其他服务在使用):

1 sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start 

#或者简单的

1 service nginx start 

然后打开浏览器,查看http://localhost/ 看看是否看到了”Welcome to nginx!” 如果看到了,说明安装成功.
当然,基本上,这块儿都不会出问题. 如果运行不成功,可以先

1 sudo killall apache2 

杀掉apache进程
3、安装php

sudo apt-get install php5 php5-cgi php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-idn php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-mhash php5-ming php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-sqlite php5-xsl

 

4、安装spawn-fcgi
为什么要安装spawn-fcgi呢,它用来控制php-cgi进程,以防止进程崩溃或是单进程的效率太低.
网上很多人都说要使用spawn-fcgi必须得安装lighttpd,实际上不必要,可以直接安装spawn-fcgi
运行:

1 sudo apt-get install spawn-fcgi 

5、配置
接下来就是最让人头疼的配置.
配置Nginx和spawn-fcgi配合运行
(1).在/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params 文件最后,加入一行,可以用

1 sudo vi /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params 

加入此行:

1 fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

(2).另外需要在PHP-CGI的配置文件(Ubuntu 上此配置文件位于/etc/php5/cgi/php.ini)中,找到cgi.fix_pathinfo选项,修改为:

1 cgi.fix_pathinfo=1;

这样php-cgi方能正常使用SCRIPT_FILENAME这个变量.
(3).打开/etc/nginx/sites-available/default文件在

1 2 3 server { listen 80; server_name localhost;

下面添加web根目录的绝对地址,这里是使用的是nginx的默认地址

1 root /var/www/nginx-default

即root和server_name同级这段即相当于apache的默认目录
如果没有这个的话,容易在执行php 文件的时候,会提示”No input file specified”.
我就曾在此绕了好大个圈子才发现问题.然后修改

1 2 3 4 5 6 #location ~ .php$ { #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #fastcgi_index index.php; #fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; #includefastcgi_params; #}

修改成

1 2 3 4 location ~ .php$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/nginx-default$fastcgi_script_name;

include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; #包含fastcgi的参数文件地址
6、开始fast_cgi进程

1、sudo /usr/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -u www-data -g www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi -P /var/run/fastcgi-php.pid

7、设置开机启动fastcgi进程并启动

1 sudo vi /etc/rc.local

添加下一行

1 /usr/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -u www-data -g www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi -P /var/run/fastcgi-php.pid

如果打开php文件出现:No input file specified请检查php.ini的配置中

1 cgi.fix_pathinfo=1 
1 doc_root=

还有,每个虚机要根据自己不同的虚机设置不同的目录,要保证这个路径正确.
检查/etc/nginx/sites-available下的配置文件中,server内包含 root 及地址 而非location内的root
启动

1 fast-cgisudo /usr/bin/spawn-fcgi -a 127.0.0.1 -p 9000 -C 5 -u www-data -g www-data -f /usr/bin/php5-cgi -P /var/run/fastcgi-php.pid

参数含义如下
* -f 指定调用FastCGI的进程的执行程序位置,根据系统上所装的PHP的情况具体设置
* -a 绑定到地址addr
* -p 绑定到端口port
* -s 绑定到unix socket的路径path
* -C 指定产生的FastCGI的进程数,默认为5(仅用于PHP)
* -P指定产生的进程的PID文件路径
* -u和-g FastCGI使用什么身份(-u 用户 -g 用户组)运行,Ubuntu下可以使用www-data,其他的根据情况配置,如nobody、apache等现在可以在web根目录下放个探针或php文件测试一下了
8、安装mysql

1 sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

中间会提示输入Root用户密码,依次输入即可.
启动MySQL

1 sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

测试mysql服务是否正常:
运行

1 mysql -uroot -p

输入mysql密码

1  show databases;

如果看到下面的内容
| Database |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
则mysql已正确安装了.
至此,ubuntu下的nginx+php+mysql就安装完成了.

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