How to use Vue Router to implement page caching and lazy loading of components?

How to use Vue Router to implement page caching and lazy loading of components?

Introduction:
Vue Router is the official routing manager of Vue.js, which can map different pages of the application to different components. In actual development, in order to improve application performance and user experience, we often use page caching and component lazy loading techniques. This article will introduce how to implement page caching and lazy loading of components through Vue Router, and provide corresponding code examples.

1. Page caching:
Page caching refers to retaining the status of the current page when switching pages, so that users can quickly return and reload the page, improving user operation efficiency.

1. Enable page caching in Vue Router:

Enabling page caching in Vue Router is very simple, just add <keep- in the routing configuration alive></keep-> tag, and wrap the components that need to be cached in it.

// 路由配置
const routes = [
  {
    path: '/home',
    component: Home,
    meta: { keepAlive: true } // 启用页面缓存
  },
  {
    path: '/about',
    component: About,
    meta: { keepAlive: false } // 不启用页面缓存
  },
  // 其他路由配置...
]

// 创建路由实例
const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes
})

// 在根组件中添加<router-view>和<keep-alive>标签
createApp(App)
  .use(router)
  .mount('#app')

2. Control the conditions for page caching:

In the above code, we use the meta field to control the conditions for page caching. Determine whether to enable page caching by setting the value of the meta.keepAlive field. For example, we enable page caching on the /home page and disable page caching on the /about page.

2. Component lazy loading:
Lazy loading of components means loading components only when they are needed to reduce the loading time of the initial page and improve the performance of the application.

1. Use the import() function for lazy loading of components:

In Vue Router, we can use ES6’s import() function to achieve this Lazy loading of components. Just set the component field of the route to an arrow function that returns the import() function. The arrow function loads the component dynamically.

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory } from 'vue-router'

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/home',
    component: () => import('./views/Home.vue') // 组件懒加载
  },
  // 其他路由配置...
]

const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes
})

createApp(App)
  .use(router)
  .mount('#app')

2. Load multiple components on demand:

If you need to load multiple components on demand, you can use dynamic import to load multiple components at once. In Vue Router, simply pass multiple components to the import() function in the form of an array.

import { createRouter, createWebHashHistory } from 'vue-router'

const routes = [
  {
    path: '/home',
    component: () => import('./views/Home.vue') // 组件懒加载
  },
  {
    path: '/about',
    component: () =>
      import(/* webpackChunkName: "group-components" */ './views/About.vue'), // 按需加载多个组件
  }
]

const router = createRouter({
  history: createWebHashHistory(),
  routes
})

createApp(App)
  .use(router)
  .mount('#app')

In the above code, we use the webpackChunkName comment to specify the chunk name when webpack is packaged.

Summary:
Implementing page caching and component lazy loading through Vue Router can effectively improve application performance and user experience. Pages can be quickly returned and reloaded by enabling page caching using the <keep-alive></keep-alive> tag. By using the import() function for lazy loading of components, the loading time of the initial page can be reduced. I hope the content of this article will be helpful to you when using Vue Router.

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