What is the default encoding format of mysql?

Mysql default encoding is Latin1. This encoding provides support for most Western European languages, but it cannot correctly recognize Chinese, Japanese and other non-Latin characters. Latin1 is a character encoding method that extends the ASCII character set to cover characters in most parts of Europe. This encoding method uses one byte to represent each character, so it saves storage space.

The operating system of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, mysql version 8.0, Dell G3 computer.

The default encoding format for MySQL is Latin1 (also known as ISO 8859-1).

Latin1 is a character encoding that extends the ASCII character set to cover characters in most of Europe. This encoding method uses one byte to represent each character, so it saves storage space. MySQL has chosen Latin1 as the default encoding format due to its simplicity and compatibility.

However, with the development of globalization, more and more applications need to support a wider range of character sets, such as Chinese, Japanese and Korean. For these character sets, Latin1 is often not sufficient. To solve this problem, MySQL provides more character encoding options starting from version 4.1.0, including UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32.

UTF-8 is a variable-length character encoding that uses 1 to 4 bytes to represent different characters. UTF-8 supports all characters in the world, including Asian characters, Arabic characters, special symbols, etc. It is one of the most widely used character encodings on the Internet and the most common encoding in MySQL. Starting with version 5.5.3, MySQL sets UTF-8 as the new default encoding.

Although UTF-8 provides wider character support, it also requires more storage space. In addition, UTF-8 requires additional processing when handling non-ASCII characters, which may affect performance. Therefore, when choosing a default encoding, we need to make an appropriate choice based on the specific needs of the application and performance considerations.

To change the default encoding of MySQL, you can modify the character set parameters in the configuration file (my.cnf or my.ini). For example, setting the character set to UTF-8 can be accomplished by adding the following line to the configuration file:

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
collation_server=utf8_general_ci

By changing the default encoding, we can make MySQL support a wider range of character sets to meet the application's needs. need. However, before changing encoding methods, we should carefully consider the specifics of our application and the possible performance and storage penalties.

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