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MongoDB

一、MongoDB简介

MongoDB (名称来自"humongous") 是一个可扩展的、高性能、开源、模式自由、面向文档的数据库,集文档数据库、键值对存储和关系型数据库的优点于一身。官方站点:http://www.mongodb.org/,MongoDB特点:

•面向文档存储(类JSON数据模式简单而强大)
•动态查询
•全索引支持,扩展到内部对象和内嵌数组
•查询记录分析
•快速,就地更新
•高效存储二进制大对象 (比如照片和视频)
•复制和故障切换支持
•Auto-Sharding自动分片支持云级扩展性
•MapReduce 支持复杂聚合
•商业支持,培训和咨询
二、安装MongoDB

安装MongoDB非常的简单,仅需下载压缩包解压运行命令即可,下载地址:http://www.mongodb.org/downloads,本文为windows平台,MongoDB运行命令:>bin/mongod。提示:首先要创建存储数据的文件夹,MongoDB 默认存储数据目录为 /data/db/ (或者 c:\data\db),当然你也可以修改成不同目录,只需要指定 --dbpath 参数,eg:
>bin/mongod --dbpath=d:\mgdata\db
三、安装MongoDB PHP扩展
根据自己的PHP版本下载PHP扩展:http://www.php.net/manual/en/mongo.installation.php#mongo.installation.windows,提示:
1、VC6适合Apache、VC9适合IIS;
2、Thread safe适合PHP以模块运行方式、Non-thread safe适合CGI运行方式。
修改php.ini,加入:extension=php_mongo.dll,重启Web服务器。
四、PHP示例
1、连接Mongo服务器
复制代码 代码如下:
//连接localhost:27017 
$conn = new Mongo(); 
//连接远程主机默认端口 
$conn = new Mongo('test.com'); 
//连接远程主机22011端口 
$conn = new Mongo('test.com:22011'); 
//MongoDB有用户名密码 
$conn = new Mongo("mongodb://${username}:${password}@localhost");

//MongoDB有用户名密码并指定数据库blog 
$conn = new Mongo("mongodb://${username}:${password}@localhost/blog"); 
//多个服务器 
$conn = new Mongo("mongodb://localhost:27017,localhost:27018"); 
?>

2、指定数据库和数据集名(表名)
复制代码 代码如下:
//选择数据库blog 
$db = $conn->blog; 
//制定结果集(表名:users)

$collection = $db->users; 
?>
3、CRUD
//新增 
$user = array('name' => 'caleng', 'email' => 'admin@admin.com'); 
$collection->insert($user); 
//修改 
$newdata = array('$set' => array("email" => "test@test.com")); 
$collection->update(array("name" => "caleng"), $newdata); 
//删除 
$collection->remove(array('name'=>'caleng'), array("justOne" => true)); 
//查找 
$cursor = $collection->find(); 
var_dump($cursor); 
//查找一条 
$user = $collection->findOne(array('name' => 'caleng'), array('email')); 
var_dump($user); 
?>
4、关闭连接
$conn->close(); 
?>

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