Automated deployment and rollback of PHP applications through Deployer

Automated deployment and rollback of PHP applications through Deployer

Introduction:
In the software development process, application deployment is a very important link. The traditional manual deployment method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to human error. In order to improve deployment efficiency and reduce human errors, we can use automated deployment tools to achieve automated deployment and rollback. This article will introduce how to use Deployer to implement automated deployment and rollback of PHP applications.

1. What is Deployer?
Deployer is a PHP tool for automated deployment of applications. It is based on Shell script and SSH protocol and can perform various tasks on the remote server, such as code pulling, database migration, file permission setting, etc. It also supports cluster deployment and rollback functions of multiple servers.

2. Install Deployer
First, we need to install Deployer into the local development environment. It can be installed through Composer. The command is as follows:

$ composer require deployer/deployer --dev

3. Write the Deployer configuration file
Create a deploy.php file in the project root directory as the Deployer configuration file. In the configuration file, we can define various tasks and server cluster-related configurations.

1. Define Server

   server('stage', 'example.com') 
    ->user('deploy')
    ->identityFile('~/.ssh/id_rsa')
    ->set('deploy_path', '/var/www/stage.example.com');

   In this example, we define a server named stage, specify the host name and user of the server, and the project directory on the server .

2. Define tasks

   task('deploy', [
    'deploy:info',
    'deploy:prepare',
    'deploy:update_code',
    'deploy:shared',
    'deploy:writable',
    'deploy:clear_paths',
    'deploy:symlink',
    'deploy:unlock',
    'cleanup',
    'success'
   ]);

   In this example, we define a task named deploy, which includes subtasks of various deployment processes.

4. Execute deployment and rollback

1. Execute deployment

   $ dep deploy stage

   After executing the above command, Deployer will connect to the stage The server executes each sub-task defined in the deploy task to complete the application deployment process. You can view detailed log information during the deployment process and handle errors during the deployment process.

2. Perform a rollback

   $ dep rollback stage

   If a problem occurs during the deployment process, you can use the rollback command to roll back the application to the previous stable version. Deployer will connect to the stage server, perform rollback tasks, and restore the code and configuration files to their previous state.

5. Other functions and extensions
Deployer also provides many other functions and extensions that can be configured and used according to specific needs.

1. Parallel deployment
   You can speed up the deployment process by configuring parallel tasks. For example, applications can be deployed on multiple servers simultaneously to improve deployment efficiency.
2. Custom tasks
   Deployer allows you to customize tasks and add them to the deployment process. You can write your own task code according to specific needs, such as database migration, cache cleaning, etc.
3. Extension plug-ins
   Deployer provides many extension plug-ins that can be used for various purposes, such as laravel framework support, npm/bower build support, etc. You can choose to use the corresponding plug-in according to your project needs.

Conclusion:
With Deployer, we can easily implement automated deployment and rollback of PHP applications. It not only improves deployment efficiency but also reduces the occurrence of human errors. I hope this article can provide some help to everyone in realizing automated deployment.

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