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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorial深入解析Session是否必须依赖Cookie_PHP

php中的session可以默认情况下是使用客户端的cookie(以便和普通意义上的cookie区别,我称之为session cookie,普通意义上的cookie为cookie)来保存session id的,但是php中的session是否只能使用session cookie呢?

当然不是,否则何必还弄个session出来,不如直接用cookie算了.session的一大优点就是当客户端的cookie被禁用时会自动把session id附在url中,这样再通过session id就能记住session变量了.

下面我写两个文件来证实一下,首先在浏览器中设置禁用cookie.
复制代码 代码如下:

//文件名为test1.php
session_start();
session_register("url");
$url="test2.php";
echo "goto test2.php";
?>

复制代码 代码如下:
//文件名为test2.php
session_start();
if (session_is_registered("url")) {
   echo "congratulations.";
   $url="test1.php";
   echo "goto test1.php";
} else
   echo "failed.";
?>

现在在浏览器中输入"http://localhost/test1.php",把鼠标移到链接上看看状态栏上的地址,不是简单的"http://localhost/test2.php",而是这种形式:"http://localhost/test2.php?phpsessid=6e3610749f7ded3784bc4a4dd10f879b".

你还可以查看html的源文件,源文件是这种形式:
goto test2.php
所以说这完全是php的功劳,和浏览器无关,也就是说无论你用什么浏览器session都有效,而不是有的人认为的只对ie有用.

但是,我们的超链接是语句是由echo语句输出的,如果超链接不包含在php的标签 ?>之内会怎样呢?还是写个例子来验证一下,把test1.php稍作修改:
复制代码 代码如下:
session_start();
session_register("url");
$url="test2.php";
echo "goto test2.php";?>
(html形式)goto test2.php

在浏览器中输入"http://localhost/test1.php",分别把鼠标移到两个链接上看看有没有不同?可以看到,两个链接是完全相同的,后面都会自动附带session id.所以不必担心没被包含在php标签中的链接会失效,php不会这么笨的.

但是在使用时要注意必须先用session_start()函数告诉php开始用session,哪怕你在这个文件中只有html代码,如:
session_start();?>



gogogo
…………

记得有人说过这个优点只能在linux/unix下才能发挥出来,而我用的win2000p+apache1.3.17+php4.0.4pl1,php为apache模块方式,却照样可以.恰恰相反,我转到linux下去测试时反而不行了.其实是在编译时的一个选项--enable-trans-sid控制了这项功能能否有用.而按照php默认来编译时是没有打开这项功能的,只需重新编译时加入它就可以了.我的配置为apache1.3.17+php4.0.4pl1,php为apache模块方式,在linux重新编译后用netscape navigator4.7测试可以通过(这更证明了和浏览器无关).

只靠session是不能跨窗口使用的,即使你启用了cookie,当你在一个窗口中有一个合法的session id(记录在session cookie中,不是url中),再新开一个窗口进入相同页面时,你会重新拥有一个新的session id,而与前一个窗口互不影响.

要想跨窗口使用同一个session id就只能在url后指定session id,也就是说如果你把带有session id的的窗口的url复制,在新开的窗口中粘贴一下,还是照样使用的.知道了session id的这个原理要实现跨窗口session还是不难的,可以把cookie与session结合起来,首先取得当前合法的session id,然后把它记录在cookie中,在其它窗口读取cookie就可获得当前的session id了.

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