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HomeOperation and MaintenanceLinux Operation and MaintenanceHow to configure a CentOS system to limit concurrent connections and prevent denial of service attacks
How to configure a CentOS system to limit concurrent connections and prevent denial of service attacksJul 10, 2023 pm 01:46 PM
centos configurationConcurrent connection limitDenial of service attack protection

如何配置CentOS系统以限制并发连接和防止拒绝服务攻击

拒绝服务攻击(Denial of Service,DoS)是网络安全中非常常见的一种攻击方式。攻击者通过不断的向目标服务器发送请求,占用大量的系统资源,使得正常用户无法访问。为了防止这种攻击,我们可以在CentOS系统上进行一些配置来限制并发连接数,保障系统的稳定和安全。

以下是在CentOS系统上进行配置的步骤和代码示例:

  1. 配置iptables
    Iptables是一个在Linux系统上控制网络数据包转发的工具。通过配置iptables规则,可以限制并发连接,过滤恶意流量。在终端中执行以下命令,配置iptables规则:
# 清除已有的iptables规则
iptables -F

# 允许已建立的连接和相关请求
iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

# 限制并发连接数为100,并允许回环地址的访问
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --syn --dport 80 -m connlimit --connlimit-above 100 -j DROP
iptables -I INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

# 允许SSH连接
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

# 允许HTTP和HTTPS连接
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT

# 其他所有不符合规则的连接都将被拒绝
iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT

# 保存iptables规则
service iptables save
  1. 配置SYN Cookie
    SYN Cookie是一种抵御SYN Flood攻击的机制,它可以在短时间内建立大量的无效连接,从而使得攻击者的攻击无效化。在CentOS系统上,我们可以通过修改内核参数来开启SYN Cookie。

编辑 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件,添加以下内容:

# 开启SYN Cookie保护
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

执行以下命令使修改生效:

sysctl -p
  1. 配置连接限制
    CentOS系统还提供了一些工具和方法来限制并发连接数。我们可以使用ulimit命令来限制单个用户的并发连接数。以下是一个示例:

编辑 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件,添加以下内容:

# 限制user1用户的并发连接数为100
user1  hard  nofile  100

重新登录user1用户,使配置生效。

执行以下命令查看已登录用户的并发连接数:

sudo netstat -an | grep ESTABLISHED | awk '{print $5}' | cut -d: -f1 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
  1. 使用DoS防护软件
    除了以上配置,我们还可以使用一些专门的DoS防护软件来增强服务器的安全性。例如,ModSecurity是一款开源的Web应用程序防火墙,可以帮助我们检测和阻止DoS攻击。安装并配置ModSecurity可以提供更高的安全级别。

以上是如何配置CentOS系统以限制并发连接和防止拒绝服务攻击的方法和示例代码。通过这些配置,我们可以增强服务器的安全性,阻止恶意攻击。然而,请注意,网络安全是一个持续的进程,我们还需要根据实际情况进行监控和调整,以保障服务器的稳定和安全。

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