Vue component communication: using mixins for public method sharing

Vue component communication: Use mixin for public method sharing

In Vue development, we often encounter situations that require communication between multiple components. In order to reduce the coupling of the code and improve the reusability of the code, we can use Vue's mixin function to share public methods.

What is mixin

Mixin is a reusable Vue component option. It can contain any component options, such as data, methods, computed, watch, etc. When a component uses a mixin, all of the mixin's options will be merged into the component's own options.

How to use mixin for component communication

First, let’s look at a practical application scenario. Suppose we have two components A and B, and we need to call a method of component B in component A. This function can be easily achieved using mixins.

Create mixin

We can first create a mixin file, such as mixin.js, to define public methods.

// mixin.js
export default {
  methods: {
    showMessage() {
      console.log('Hello from mixin!');
    }
  }
}

Using mixin

Then, use mixin in component A.

// ComponentA.vue
import mixin from './mixin.js';

export default {
  mixins: [mixin],
  mounted() {
    this.showMessage(); // 调用mixin中的方法
  }
}

In this way, component A can directly access the methods defined in the mixin.

Method conflict resolution

If both component A and component B use a method with the same name, a conflict will occur when calling the method in component A. At this time, you can use the methods attribute in the mixin to resolve the conflict.

// mixin.js
export default {
  methods: {
    showMessage() {
      console.log('Hello from mixin!');
    }
  }
}

// ComponentA.vue
import mixin from './mixin.js';

export default {
  mixins: [mixin],
  methods: {
    showMessage() {
      console.log('Hello from ComponentA!');
    }
  },
  mounted() {
    this.showMessage(); // 调用ComponentA自身的方法
    this._mixin_showMessage(); // 调用mixin中的方法
  }
}

The order of mixins

When a component uses multiple mixins, if they have the same options, they will be merged in the order of the mixins. Options in later mixins will override previous ones.

Local mixing of mixin

In addition to using the mixins attribute in the component, we can also use the mixins function to implement local mixing.

// ComponentA.vue
import mixin from './mixin.js';

export default {
  created() {
    Vue.mixin(mixin);
  },
  mounted() {
    this.showMessage(); // 调用mixin中的方法
  }
}

In this way, the mixin will only be used where it is called in ComponentA, avoiding potential problems caused by global mixing.

Summary

Using Vue’s mixin function can easily achieve communication and method sharing between components. However, it should be noted that the misuse of mixins may cause the code to become confusing and unmaintainable, so you should consider it carefully when using it.

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