How to deploy applications on Linux using containerization technology

How to use containerization technology to deploy applications on Linux

Introduction:
In today's Internet era, the speed of application development and deployment is the key to enterprise success. In order to speed up development and deployment, containerization technology emerged. Containerization technology can package an application and its dependencies into an independent, portable container so that it can run on any platform, reducing the complexity of environment configuration. In this article, we will introduce how to use containerization technology on Linux to deploy applications to quickly and efficiently meet the needs of enterprises.

1. What is containerization technology?
Containerization technology is a technology that independently encapsulates applications and their dependent resources. A container can run on a physical machine or a virtual machine like a virtual machine, but unlike a virtual machine, a container shares the operating system kernel with the host, so it is more lightweight and starts faster.

2. Docker: The most popular containerization platform
Docker is currently one of the most popular containerization platforms, with extensive support and a strong community ecosystem. Here are the steps on how to use Docker for application deployment on Linux:

1. Install Docker
   First, we need to install Docker. On Linux, you can install Docker with the following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce

2. Create a Dockerfile
   Dockerfile is a file used to define the build process of a Docker image. You can use any text editor to create a Dockerfile. The example is as follows:

# 使用基础镜像
FROM ubuntu:18.04

# 设置作者信息
MAINTAINER John Doe <john.doe@example.com>

# 安装应用所需的依赖
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y 
    python 
    python-pip

# 复制应用文件到镜像中
COPY app.py /app

# 暴露应用运行的端口
EXPOSE 5000

# 设置启动时的默认命令
CMD ["python", "/app/app.py"]

3. Build the Docker image
   In the directory where the Dockerfile is located, run the following command to build the Docker image:

docker build -t my-app .

4. Run the Docker container
   After the build is successful, you can run the Docker container through the following command:

docker run -d -p 5000:5000 my-app

In the above command, the -d parameter means in background mode To run the container, the -p parameter is used to specify the mapping relationship between the host port and the container port. my-app is the name of the Docker image used.

5. Accessing the application
   The application is now running in the Docker container. You can access http://localhost:5000 through a browser to view the application interface.

3. Kubernetes: Distributed container management platform
Kubernetes is an open source platform for managing containerized applications. It can help us better manage and orchestrate containers, and provide high availability and elastic scaling capabilities. The following are the steps on how to use Kubernetes on Linux for application deployment:

1. Install Kubernetes
   First, we need to install Kubernetes. You can choose the appropriate installation method according to different Linux distributions. For details, please refer to the Kubernetes official documentation. After the installation is complete, you can use the following command to check whether Kubernetes is installed successfully:

kubectl version

2. Create Deployment
   In Kubernetes, you can use Deployment to define how the application is deployed. You can create a Deployment object through the following command:

kubectl create deployment my-app --image=my-app:latest

3. Expose Service
   After creating a Deployment, you also need to create a Service to expose the access port of the application. You can use the following command to create a Service object:

kubectl expose deployment my-app --port=80 --target-port=5000

4. Access the application
   Now, the application has been successfully deployed in the Kubernetes cluster. You can use the following command to obtain the IP address of the Service:

kubectl get services

Visit http://54cda92ffe89cd4dffe73d23a011c09e:80 through the browser to view the application interface.

Conclusion:
Containerization technology brings great convenience to enterprise application development and deployment. This article introduces how to use Docker and Kubernetes for application deployment on Linux, and provides relevant code examples. We hope that readers can deploy applications more quickly and efficiently and improve productivity through the guidance of this article.

Reference link:

• Docker official documentation: https://docs.docker.com/
• Kubernetes official documentation: https://kubernetes.io/

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