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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialphp fsockopen解决办法 php实现多线程_PHP

回答:
当有人想要实现并发功能时,他们通常会想到用fork或者spawn
threads,但是当他们发现php不支持多线程的时候,大概会转换思路去用一些不够好的语言,比如perl。
其实的是大多数情况下,你大可不必使用fork或者线程,并且你会得到比用fork或thread更好的性能。
假设你要建立一个服务来检查正在运行的n台服务器,以确定他们还在正常运转。你可能会写下面这样的代码:

复制代码 代码如下:
$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com");
$timeout = 15; $status = array();
foreach ($hosts as $host) {
$errno = 0;
$errstr = "";
$s = fsockopen($host, 80, $errno, $errstr, $timeout);
if ($s) {
$status[$host] = "Connectedn";
fwrite($s, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: $hostrnrn");
do {
$data = fread($s, 8192);
if (strlen($data) == 0) { break; }
$status[$host] .= $data;
} while (true); fclose($s);
} else {
$status[$host] = "Connection failed: $errno $errstrn";
}
}
print_r($status);
?>

它运行的很好,但是在fsockopen()分析完hostname并且建立一个成功的连接(或者延时$timeout秒)之前,扩充这段代码来管理大量服务器将耗费很长时间。
因此我们必须放弃这段代码;我们可以建立异步连接-不需要等待fsockopen返回连接状态。PHP仍然需要解析hostname(所以直接使用ip更加明智),不过将在打开一个连接之后立刻返回,继而我们就可以连接下一台服务器。
有两种方法可以实现;PHP5中可以使用新增的stream_socket_client()函数直接替换掉fsocketopen()。PHP5之前的版本,你需要自己动手,用sockets扩展解决问题。
下面是PHP5中的解决方法:

复制代码 代码如下:
$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com");
$timeout = 15;
$status = array();
$sockets = array();
foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) {
$s = stream_socket_client("$host:80", $errno, $errstr, $timeout,STREAM_CLIENT_ASYNC_CONNECT|STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT);
if ($s) {
$sockets[$id] = $s;
$status[$id] = "in progress";
} else {
$status[$id] = "failed, $errno $errstr";
}
}
while (count($sockets)) {
$read = $write = $sockets;
$n = stream_select($read, $write, $e = null, $timeout);
if ($n > 0) {
foreach ($read as $r) {
$id = array_search($r, $sockets);
$data = fread($r, 8192);
if (strlen($data) == 0) {
if ($status[$id] == "in progress") {
$status[$id] = "failed to connect";
}
fclose($r);
unset($sockets[$id]);
} else {
$status[$id] .= $data;
}
}
foreach ($write as $w) {
$id = array_search($w, $sockets);
fwrite($w, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: " . $hosts[$id] . "rnrn");
$status[$id] = "waiting for response";
}
} else {
foreach ($sockets as $id => $s) {
$status[$id] = "timed out " . $status[$id];
}
break;
}
}
foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) {
echo "Host: $hostn"; echo "Status: " . $status[$id] . "nn";
}
?>

我们用stream_select()等待sockets打开的连接事件。stream_select()调用系统的select(2)函数来工作:前面三个参数是你要使用的streams的数组;你可以对其读取,写入和获取异常(分别针对三个参数)。stream_select()可以通过设置$timeout(秒)参数来等待事件发生-事件发生时,相应的sockets数据将写入你传入的参数。
下面是PHP4.1.0之后版本的实现,如果你已经在编译PHP时包含了sockets(ext/sockets)支持,你可以使用根上面类似的代码,只是需要将上面的streams/filesystem函数的功能用ext/sockets函数实现。主要的不同在于我们用下面的函数代替
stream_socket_client()来建立连接:

复制代码 代码如下:
// This value is correct for Linux, other systems have other values
define('EINPROGRESS', 115);
function non_blocking_connect($host, $port, &$errno, &$errstr, $timeout) {
$ip = gethostbyname($host);
$s = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (socket_set_nonblock($s)) {
$r = @socket_connect($s, $ip, $port);
if ($r || socket_last_error() == EINPROGRESS) {
$errno = EINPROGRESS; return $s;
}
}
$errno = socket_last_error($s);
$errstr = socket_strerror($errno);
socket_close($s);
return false;
}
?>

现在用socket_select()替换掉stream_select(),用socket_read()替换掉fread(),用
socket_write()替换掉fwrite(),用socket_close()替换掉fclose()就可以执行脚本了!
PHP5的先进之处在于,你可以用stream_select()处理几乎所有的stream-例如你可以通过include
STDIN用它接收键盘输入并保存进数组,你还可以接收通过proc_open()打开的管道中的数据。
如果你想让PHP4.3.x自身拥有处理streams的功能,我已经为你准备了一个让fsockopen可以异步工作的patch。不赞成使用该补丁,该补丁不会出现在官方发布的PHP版本中,我在补丁中附带了stream_socket_client()函数的实现,通过它,你可以让你的脚本兼容
PHP5。

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