How to deal with the frequent server load problem in Linux systems

How to deal with the frequent high server load problem in Linux systems

Abstract: This article introduces how to deal with the frequent high server load problem in Linux systems. By optimizing system configuration, adjusting service resource allocation, detecting problem processes, and running performance tuning, you can effectively reduce the load and improve server performance and stability.

1. Introduction

Excessive server load is one of the common problems in Linux systems, which can cause the server to run slowly, not respond in time, or even fail to work properly. Faced with this problem, we need to take a series of measures to solve the problem of excessive load and improve the performance and stability of the server.

2. Optimize system configuration

1. Hardware resource check: First, make sure that the server’s hardware resources meet the corresponding requirements, including CPU, memory, hard disk, and network bandwidth. If hardware resources are insufficient, you need to consider upgrading the hardware or increasing the number of servers.
2. Kernel parameter adjustment: In order to better adapt to the current server configuration and application requirements, some parameters of the Linux kernel can be adjusted. For example, you can adjust the parameter value of a kernel module by modifying the /sys/module/XXX/parameters/YYY file. Specific parameter adjustments need to be made according to the specific server environment and application requirements.
3. File system optimization: Properly setting the file system size, file system type, and file system mounting options can improve the performance and efficiency of the file system. For example, you can use an ext4 file system or an xfs file system instead of the older ext3 file system, and set appropriate mount options such as noatime and barrier=none.

3. Adjust service resource allocation

1. View system processes: Use the top or htop command to view the process status of the current system. According to the CPU usage and memory usage, it is found that Highly loaded process or service. Find relevant process information and logs based on the process ID to understand why it occupies resources.
2. Adjust service configuration: For high-load services, you can try to reduce the number of concurrent connections, adjust the size of the thread pool and process pool, etc. For example, you can limit the number of concurrent requests by modifying the Apache configuration file, or adjust the number of connections and buffer size by modifying the MySQL configuration file.
3. Load balancing: Appropriate use of load balancing technology can share the load of the server and improve the fault tolerance and scalability of the system. Commonly used load balancing solutions include Nginx, HAProxy, etc. These software can be configured to distribute requests to multiple back-end servers to achieve load balancing effects.

4. Detect problem processes

1. Use tools such as top or htop to check the problem processes in the system. Find out the reasons for high server load based on the process's CPU usage, memory usage, IO, etc.
2. Use the strace command to trace the system calls of the problem process, find out the cause of the problem and make corresponding adjustments. For example, you can view the file IO operations, network IO operations, and system call times of the process to find out the specific cause of the problem.

5. Running performance tuning

1. Use performance monitoring tools: For example, use commands such as systat, sar or vmstat to monitor the system's CPU usage and memory usage in real time , disk IO and network traffic and other indicators. Based on the monitoring data, you can understand the running status of the system and discover and solve performance problems in a timely manner.
2. Use performance tuning tools: For example, use the perf tool to analyze the CPU performance issues of the system, use the pidstat tool to analyze the CPU usage of the process, and use the iotop tool to analyze the IO performance issues of the system. With the help of these tools, you can find out the performance bottlenecks and optimization directions of the system.

The above are some suggestions for dealing with the problem of excessive server load that frequently occurs in Linux systems. By optimizing system configuration, adjusting service resource allocation, detecting problem processes, and running performance tuning, you can effectively reduce the load and improve server performance and stability. At the same time, regular inspections of systems and services, timely optimization and adjustments are also important measures to ensure the stable operation of the system.

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