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Real-time message push using PHP and ZMQ

王林Original: 2023-06-28 08:22:311069browse

With the continuous development of Internet technology, real-time message push has become more and more important. In many application scenarios, real-time message push can greatly improve user experience and efficiency. For example, in social applications, real-time push of friends' messages can allow users to understand their friends' updates faster; in online games, real-time push of game events can allow users to play games more smoothly; in stock trading, real-time push of stock prices Changes allow traders to make more timely decisions.

There are many ways to implement real-time message push, one of the more common ways is to use PHP and ZMQ (ZeroMQ).

ZMQ is a high-performance, asynchronous messaging library that provides a variety of messaging modes, including request-response, publish-subscribe, Push-Pull, etc. Using ZMQ in PHP can easily implement real-time message push.

Let’s look at a simple example of real-time message push.

First, we need to create a ZMQ context:

$context = new ZMQContext();

Then, we create a Push type ZMQ socket:

$push_socket = $context->getSocket(ZMQ::SOCKET_PUSH);
$push_socket->bind("tcp://127.0.0.1:5555");

Here we will Push socket The word is bound to the local port 5555 and is used to send messages to the client.

Next, we create a Pull type ZMQ socket:

$pull_socket = $context->getSocket(ZMQ::SOCKET_PULL);
$pull_socket->bind("tcp://127.0.0.1:5556");

Here we bind the Pull socket to the local 5556 port to receive subscription requests from the client .

Next, we create a PHP script to send messages to the client:

while (true) {
    $msg = date("Y-m-d H:i:s") . " hello world!";
    $push_socket->send($msg);
    sleep(1);
}

Here we use an infinite loop to continuously send messages to the Push socket, once every second .

Finally, we create a PHP script to receive the subscription request from the client and push the message to the subscriber:

while (true) {
    $msg = $pull_socket->recv();
    foreach ($clients as $client) {
        $client->send($msg);
    }
}

Here we also use an infinite loop to wait for the client’s subscription request, and Send message to all subscribers.

When the client needs to subscribe to a message, it only needs to connect to the port bound to the Pull socket and send a message containing the subscription information:

$context = new ZMQContext();
$sub_socket = $context->getSocket(ZMQ::SOCKET_SUB);
$sub_socket->connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:5556");
$sub_socket->setSockOpt(ZMQ::SOCKOPT_SUBSCRIBE, "");

Here we create a The ZMQ socket of Subscribe type is connected to the local port 5556. Then, we use the setSockOpt() function to set the socket options and subscribe to all messages.

Finally, we can write a simple PHP page and use JavaScript to achieve the effect of real-time message push. Here we use the jQuery library for development:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>实时消息推送</title>
    <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.0.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function() {
            var socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8080");
            socket.onmessage = function(event) {
                $("#messages").append("<li>" + event.data + "</li>");
            }
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>实时消息推送</h1>
    <ul id="messages"></ul>
</body>
</html>

Here we create a WebSocket to connect to the local 8080 port, listen for messages from the server, and display the messages on the page.

To sum up, using PHP and ZMQ can realize real-time message push very conveniently. Of course, there are many issues that need to be considered in practical applications, such as safety, reliability, etc. But this article provides you with a basic framework for your reference.

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