How to implement custom scroll bars using Vue?

Vue is a popular JavaScript framework that helps developers create web applications with rich interactivity. Scrollbars are a very important element in web applications, but browser default scrollbars are often ugly and not suitable for all situations. In this article, we will introduce how to use Vue to implement custom scroll bars.

Step 1: Create a container

First, we need to create a container, let us create a div container containing a list:

<div class="container">
  <ul class="list">
    <li v-for="item in items" :key="item.id">{{ item.text }}</li>
  </ul>
</div>

We need to set the container Be scrollable and need to hide the default scrollbar. Let's add some CSS styling:

.container {
  height: 300px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}

.list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
  height: 100%;
  overflow-y: scroll;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 0.5em;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background-color: #f1f1f1;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background-color: #888;
  border-radius: 16px;
}

Here, we set the height of the container to 300px and hide the default scrollbar so that we can use a custom scrollbar.

Step 2: Bind the scroll event listener

We need to listen to the scroll event of the container so that we can update the position of the custom scroll bar. In Vue, we can use the @scroll attribute to bind event listeners:

<div class="container" @scroll="onScroll">
  <ul class="list">
    <li v-for="item in items" :key="item.id">{{ item.text }}</li>
  </ul>
</div>

Here, we use the onScroll method as the callback function of the scroll event. Method will be triggered when the container is scrolled. Now, let us define the onScroll method in the instance of Vue:

new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  data: {
    items: [], // 数据数组
    scrollTop: 0, // 当前滚动位置
    containerHeight: 0, // 容器高度
    listHeight: 0, // 列表高度
    thumbHeight: 0, // 滚动条高度
  },
  created() {
    // 加载数据
    this.loadData();
  },
  methods: {
    // 滚动事件回调函数
    onScroll(event) {
      this.scrollTop = event.target.scrollTop;
      this.thumbHeight = this.containerHeight / this.listHeight * this.containerHeight;
    },
    // 加载数据
    loadData() {
      // 向服务器请求数据，这里省略具体实现
    },
  },
});

In the onScroll method, we update the value of the scrollTop property , which is the scroll position of the container. We also calculated the height of the custom scrollbar so that it would match the amount of scrolling of the container.

Next, let’s add a custom scroll bar to the template:

<div class="container" ref="container" @scroll="onScroll">
  <ul class="list" ref="list">
    <li v-for="item in items" :key="item.id">{{ item.text }}</li>
  </ul>
  <div class="scrollbar" :style="{ height: thumbHeight + 'px', top: scrollTop + 'px' }"></div>
</div>

Here, we have added a new div element in the container to represent the custom scroll bar. We bind thumbHeight and scrollTop to the height and top position of the div element.

Finally, we need to update some calculated properties so that we can correctly calculate the height of the container and list:

computed: {
  // 容器高度
  containerHeight() {
    return this.$refs.container.offsetHeight;
  },
  // 列表高度
  listHeight() {
    return this.$refs.list.offsetHeight;
  },
},

Now, we have completed the implementation of the custom scrollbar. When you run the application, you will notice that the container has a custom scrollbar that scrolls the list.

Summary

In this article, we introduced how to use Vue to implement custom scroll bars. We start by creating the container and then add styles and event listeners. We also added custom scrollbars using templates and computed properties. As you practice, you can explore more custom scrollbar options, such as adding tracks and dragging effects. Whatever you choose to do, Vue enables a highly customized scrolling experience in your web application.

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