Build microservices using Golang's web framework Iris framework and Docker

With the continuous development of Internet applications, microservice architecture is becoming an increasingly popular architecture model. Microservices architecture designs applications into small services that are independent of each other and can be updated and deployed regularly. With the development of cloud computing, big data and the Internet of Things, the application of microservice architecture will become more and more widespread.

This article will introduce how to use Golang's web framework Iris and Docker to build microservices.

1. Introduction to Iris

Iris is a web framework written in Go. It is created and maintained by the Kataras team. Iris' code is concise and easy to read, has excellent performance, supports asynchronous and synchronous programming styles, and supports both MVC and RESTful architectures. Iris is an emerging web framework that aims to become the "next generation web framework".

2. Introduction to Docker

Docker is an open source containerization platform that allows developers to quickly create, deploy and run applications. Using Docker, you can include your application and all its dependencies in a single container, making application deployment easier and more reliable. Docker not only improves application portability but also reduces runtime resource usage and conflicts.

3. Use Iris and Docker to build microservices

In this article, we will introduce how to use Iris and Docker to build a simple microservice. The service will provide two API endpoints: /hello and /time . The /hello endpoint will return the "Hello, World!" message, and the /time endpoint will return the current time.

1. Create a Golang project

First, create a Golang project. Create an Iris project using the following command:

$ go get -u github.com/kataras/iris/v12

Make sure the environment variables are set in the Go workspace.

Create the main.go file and add the following code:

package main

import (
    "github.com/kataras/iris/v12"
    "time"
)

func main() {
    app := iris.New()
    app.Get("/hello", func(ctx iris.Context) {
        ctx.JSON(iris.Map{"message": "Hello, World!"})
    })
    app.Get("/time", func(ctx iris.Context) {
        ctx.JSON(iris.Map{"time": time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)})
    })
    app.Run(iris.Addr(":8080"))
}

In main.go, we use iris.New() to create a new Iris application instance and use app. The Get() method defines two different routers. The router's /hello endpoint will return the "Hello, World!" message, and the /time endpoint will return the current time. Finally, run the app.Run() method to start the service and listen for connections on the default port 8080.

2. Create Dockerfile

Next, create a file called Dockerfile. A Dockerfile is a text file that contains a series of instructions for building a Docker image.

Add the following code in the Dockerfile:

FROM golang:1.16.3-alpine3.13 AS build

RUN apk update && apk upgrade && 
    apk add --no-cache bash git openssh

WORKDIR /go/src/app
COPY . .

RUN go get -d -v ./...
RUN go install -v ./...
RUN go build -o /usr/local/bin/app

FROM alpine:3.13
COPY --from=build /usr/local/bin/app /usr/local/bin/app
ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/local/bin/app"]

This Dockerfile will build our application based on the Golang 1.16.3-alpine3.13 image. We first updated the Alpine3.13 installation package and added the required bash, git and openssh packages. Next, we will define the working directory, copy our application code into the working directory, and download the dependencies. Finally, we run the go build command to build the binary executable file and copy the binary executable file into the Alpine3.13 image to create the final Docker image.

3. Building and running containers

In the Dockerfile directory, use the following command to build the Docker image:

$ docker build -t my-app .

This command will create a container named my- Docker image of app. We can use the following command to run a Docker container:

$ docker run -p 8080:8080 my-app

This command will start the container and map the default port 8080 to the host's 8080 port using the -p flag. With the public API of the application running in the container, we can test this API using the following command:

$ curl http://localhost:8080/hello
{"message":"Hello, World!"}
$ curl http://localhost:8080/time
{"time":"2021-05-27T14:14:22+08:00"}

Now, we have successfully created a simple microservice using Iris and Docker. In real applications, we can split the service into multiple microservices to better manage and scale the application.

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