Use go-zero to easily implement distributed transaction processing

With the development of the Internet and digitalization, there are more and more demands for distributed applications, and distributed transaction processing has become an inevitable problem. Many developers rely on their own experience and manually write code when dealing with distributed transactions. However, this approach involves great risks and complexity, and is difficult to maintain and expand. The transaction-centered framework go-zero can provide developers with a simple and easy-to-use solution.

go-zero is a distributed application development framework written in golang language, which represents the highest level of current go language technology. In terms of underlying architecture, it uses grpc as the protocol and data interaction framework for development, and at the business logic level, it uses a unified microservice model to build applications. Because go-zero's design concept is lightweight and easy to use, and it performs well in a variety of scenarios, it has a high usage rate in industrial fields.

In terms of distributed transaction processing, go-zero uses a compensation mechanism to achieve transaction consistency and reliability. The so-called compensation mechanism means that if a service fails to execute during an operation, some corresponding compensation operations need to be performed to ensure the consistency and recoverability of the operation. For example, after the order payment is successful, the inventory deduction operation is involved. If the inventory deduction fails, the order payment operation needs to be rolled back and the inventory is compensated at the same time.

When implementing distributed transactions, there are two main methods of compensation mechanisms involved in go-zero, namely TCC compensation and SAGA compensation. Among them, TCC compensation is the implementation of the three-stage submission protocol, that is, the "Try-Confirm-Cancel" mode. The principle is to perform active confirmation and cancellation operations when implementing business operations. SAGA compensation is an event-driven compensation model, that is, events are sent to perform subsequent operations during business execution.

Taking TCC compensation as an example, its general implementation process is as follows:

1. The business initiates a Try operation, that is, performs the corresponding business operation.

2. After the Try operation is successfully executed, the business initiates the Confirm operation, that is, the operation result is submitted.

3. If the Confirm operation is successful, the business process ends.

4. If the Confirm operation fails, the business initiates the Cancel operation, that is, the operation is revoked.

Through this three-phase submission model, data consistency between different services in a distributed system can be guaranteed, thereby solving the problem of distributed transactions.

Implementing the TCC compensation mechanism in go-zero requires the use of a centralized framework, that is, the framework components that come with go-zero. In the go-zero framework component, the TCC transaction consists of three parts: the standard Try, Confirm and Cancel methods, and these methods are managed uniformly through the registration center. The specific implementation method is as follows:

1. Define the business interface and inherit the "go-zero/gateway/pkg/tcc.Tcc" interface.

type DemoTcc interface {

tcc.Tcc
Try(ctx context.Context, req *logic.OrderLogic) error
Confirm(ctx context.Context, req *logic.OrderLogic) error
Cancel(ctx context.Context, req *logic.OrderLogic) error

}

2. The framework automatically generates Tcc service code

$ goctl tcc demo

3. Write business logic code in the servicehandler directory, and implement the Try, Confirm, and Cancel methods of the Tcc interface.

func (s Service) Try(ctx context.Context, req logic.OrderLogic) error {

//执行业务逻辑

}

func (s Service) Confirm(ctx context.Context, req logic.OrderLogic) error {

//确认操作

}

func (s Service) Cancel(ctx context.Context, req logic.OrderLogic) error {

//取消操作

}

4. Register the Tcc service in the framework.

//Register Tcc service demo
service.RegisterTccCompensateDemo(zrpc.MustNewClient(zrpc.RpcClientConf{

Name:       conf.ReorderService.Service.Name(),
Balancer:   conf.ReorderService.Service.Balancer,
Direct:     true,
Timeout:    time.Second,
Mode:       zrpc.BROADCAST,

}))

After the above steps, you can complete Implementation of Tcc compensation mechanism for distributed transactions.

Using go-zero to easily implement distributed transaction processing can not only improve the maintainability and scalability of the program, but also greatly reduce developers' development costs and system maintenance difficulty. As one of the most popular Go language distributed application development frameworks, go-zero can provide a stable development framework and rich development environment, and has become the first choice of more and more developers and enterprises.

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