Use Gin framework to implement data encryption and decryption functions

In the modern Internet field, data security has always been an important topic. When transmitting, storing, and processing data, we need to use various technical means to ensure data security. One of the most important technical means is data encryption. Gin is a web framework based on the Go language. Its simplicity, ease of use, efficiency and stability have been favored by many developers. This article will introduce how to use the Gin framework to implement data encryption and decryption functions. Let us learn about it together.

First, we need to understand some basic knowledge of encryption algorithms. Encryption algorithms are generally divided into two categories: symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption. Symmetric encryption is an encryption method that uses the same key to encrypt and decrypt data. Asymmetric encryption is also an encryption method that uses pairs of public and private keys to encrypt and decrypt data. Next, we will take the symmetric encryption algorithm AES as an example and use the Gin framework to implement encryption and decryption functions.

The first step is to configure the Gin framework. In the Gin framework, you can use the middleware modules gin.Recovery() and gin.Logger() that come with the Gin framework to record logs and recover from server crashes. We also need to connect the server to the database. Here we use the GORM library to connect to the database (the GORM library needs to be installed first).

package main

import (
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
    "github.com/jinzhu/gorm"
    _ "github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/mysql"
)

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.Use(gin.Recovery(), gin.Logger())

    db, err := gorm.Open("mysql", "username:password@tcp(host:port)/database?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local")
    if err != nil {
        panic("failed to connect database")
    }
    defer db.Close()

    router.Run(":8080")
}

In the second step, we will define a middleware function to encrypt data. Here, we will use the symmetric encryption algorithm AES just mentioned to encrypt the data using a key and an initialization vector. We can use the crypto/aes package to implement the AES encryption algorithm, put the encryption function in a middleware, and the encryption operation will be automatically performed on each request.

package main

import (
    "crypto/aes"
    "crypto/cipher"
    "encoding/base64"
    "io/ioutil"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func EncryptMiddleware(key, iv string) gin.HandlerFunc {
    // Convert key and iv to byte arrays.
    keyBytes := []byte(key)
    ivBytes := []byte(iv)

    // Create a new AES cipher block.
    block, err := aes.NewCipher(keyBytes)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    return func(c *gin.Context) {
        // Read the request body.
        data, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(c.Request.Body)

        // Create a new cipher block mode with CBC.
        blockMode := cipher.NewCBCEncrypter(block, ivBytes)

        // Pad the data with PKCS7.
        data = pkcs7Pad(data, block.BlockSize())

        // Encrypt the data.
        blockMode.CryptBlocks(data, data)

        // Set the response to the encrypted data.
        c.Writer.Write([]byte(base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(data)))
        c.Next()
    }
}

func pkcs7Pad(data []byte, blockSize int) []byte {
    padding := blockSize - len(data)%blockSize
    padText := bytes.Repeat([]byte{byte(padding)}, padding)
    return append(data, padText...)
}

In the third step, we will define a middleware function to decrypt data. The decryption process is the opposite of the encryption process, and the AES algorithm is also used for decryption. The decryption operation will also be performed automatically every time a request comes.

package main

import (
    "crypto/aes"
    "crypto/cipher"
    "encoding/base64"
    "io/ioutil"

    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func DecryptMiddleware(key, iv string) gin.HandlerFunc {
    // Convert key and iv to byte arrays.
    keyBytes := []byte(key)
    ivBytes := []byte(iv)

    // Create a new AES cipher block.
    block, err := aes.NewCipher(keyBytes)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    return func(c *gin.Context) {
        // Read the request body.
        data, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(c.Request.Body)

        // Create a new cipher block mode with CBC.
        blockMode := cipher.NewCBCDecrypter(block, ivBytes)

        // Decode the data from base64.
        data, err = base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(string(data))
        if err != nil {
            panic(err)
        }

        // Decrypt the data.
        blockMode.CryptBlocks(data, data)

        // Remove any padding.
        data = pkcs7Unpad(data)

        // Set the request body to the decrypted data.
        c.Request.Body = ioutil.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(data))
        c.Next()
    }
}

func pkcs7Unpad(data []byte) []byte {
    padding := data[len(data)-1]
    return data[:len(data)-int(padding)]
}

In the fourth step, we will use the defined middleware to encrypt and decrypt data. We can define multiple encryption and decryption middleware to process data for different routes. For example, we will use the encryption middleware to encrypt the request data and the decryption middleware to decrypt the response data:

func main() {
    router := gin.Default()
    router.Use(gin.Recovery(), gin.Logger())

    db, err := gorm.Open("mysql", "username:password@tcp(host:port)/database?charset=utf8mb4&parseTime=True&loc=Local")
    if err != nil {
        panic("failed to connect database")
    }
    defer db.Close()

    // Encrypt and Decrypt middlewares.
    key, iv := "0123456789abcdef", "0123456789abcdef"
    router.POST("/encrypt", EncryptMiddleware(key, iv))
    router.POST("/decrypt", DecryptMiddleware(key, iv))

    router.Run(":8080")
}

Now, we have successfully implemented the data encryption and decryption functions using the Gin framework. When developing web applications, it is crucial to ensure the security of data, and by using the Gin framework and encryption algorithms, protection of sensitive data can be easily achieved.

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