Fault-tolerant design and service governance under Spring Cloud microservice architecture

With the rise of microservice architecture, more and more companies are beginning to build their own microservice systems based on Spring Cloud. However, in the face of inevitable network failures and service call errors, how to ensure system reliability and high availability has become a challenge that architects and developers must face. This article will focus on fault-tolerant design and service governance under the Spring Cloud microservice architecture.

1. Fault-tolerant design

Fault-tolerant design refers to the ability of the system to still operate normally when faced with failures. Under the microservice architecture, fault-tolerant design is particularly important because microservices call each other.

1. Service degradation

Service degradation refers to ensuring the availability of core functions as much as possible when the system faces extreme abnormal conditions, while weakening non-core functions or directly denying service Ability. Spring Cloud provides service degradation functionality through Hystrix components. Hystrix is ​​a fault-tolerant framework. When a problem occurs with a service, Hystrix can return an alternate response within a certain period of time instead of a normal response. In a microservice architecture, downgrade can be for a single service or the entire microservice system.

2. Service circuit breaker

Service circuit breaker means that when a service is unstable or abnormal, the system automatically cuts off the service to prevent it from affecting other services. Ensure system stability. In Spring Cloud, Hystrix can also provide service circuit breaker function. When continuous error calls occur, Hystrix will automatically turn on the circuit breaker to stop requests for the service, and subsequent requests will be directly rejected until the service returns to normal.

3. Load Balancing

Load balancing refers to allocating requests to multiple service instances to avoid overloading a single instance, thereby improving system availability and performance . In Spring Cloud, two load balancing components, Ribbon and Feign, are provided, which can achieve load balancing between multiple service instances through configuration.

2. Service Governance

Service governance refers to the management and monitoring of services in a microservice architecture to ensure the availability, stability and security of services. Spring Cloud provides a variety of service governance components, the following are the common ones.

1. Eureka

Eureka is the service discovery component in Spring Cloud. You can register services to the Eureka server and perform service discovery through the Eureka server. Eureka provides an automated service registration and discovery mechanism that can quickly find available service instances to ensure high availability of services.

2. Consul

Consul is a distributed service discovery and configuration management system. It provides functions such as service registration, health check, and distributed locks. Consul can also be integrated with Spring Cloud for service discovery and management through the Consul server.

3. Zuul

Zuul is an API gateway component in Spring Cloud that can route and filter services. Zuul can route requests to the corresponding service instance and add filters to the entire service call link for request authentication, request parameter verification and other functions.

4. Sleuth

Sleuth is a distributed tracing system in Spring Cloud. It can help in a distributed environment by adding identifiers such as TraceId and SpanId to the call link. It is easier for developers to locate problems and troubleshoot.

Summary

This article mainly introduces the fault-tolerant design and service governance under the Spring Cloud microservice architecture. With the widespread application of microservice architecture, fault-tolerant design and service governance will become issues that architects and developers must pay attention to. Through reasonable fault-tolerant design and service governance, the availability, stability and security of the system can be improved, and a better service experience can be provided for users.

The above is the detailed content of Fault-tolerant design and service governance under Spring Cloud microservice architecture. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!