Learn Spring Cloud microservice practices from scratch

With the development of the Internet, a large number of applications have adopted microservice architecture to ensure the scalability and reliability of the program. The main feature of microservices is to divide a large application into multiple independent small modules. Each module is an independent process. They interact with each other through network communication, so that each module can independently Deploy, upgrade and scale to make the entire application more flexible and reliable.

Spring Cloud is the solution of Spring framework in the field of microservices. It provides a series of open source tools to simplify the construction and deployment of microservice architecture. This article will start from scratch and introduce how to use Spring Cloud to create and deploy a microservice architecture.

1. Overview of Spring Cloud

Spring Cloud is a sub-project of the Spring framework. It provides rich solutions for microservice architecture, including service registration and discovery, Configuration management, load balancing, circuit breakers, message buses, API gateways, etc. Spring Cloud is mainly implemented based on Netflix's open source projects, including Eureka, Zuul, Hystrix, Ribbon, etc.

2. Build a Spring Boot project

Before you start creating microservices, you need to create a Spring Boot project. Spring Boot is an open source Java application development framework based on the Spring framework. It can help developers quickly build Spring applications.

Use Spring Initializer to quickly create a Spring Boot project, just select the required tools and dependencies. In this project, we need to add dependencies such as Web, Eureka Discovery, and Config Client.

3. Registration Center

In the microservice architecture, service registration and discovery is a very important step. Spring Cloud provides Eureka to implement service registration and discovery.

In actual combat, we need to first create an Eureka Server as the registration center, and then create other services to register and discover in the registration center. When creating Eureka Server, you need to specify the configuration information of Eureka Server in the configuration file, including ports and other extended attributes.

4. Microservice architecture

In the microservice architecture, each module is an independent service that can be deployed on different machines, and they are connected through the network Communicate. In this practical exercise, we will create two microservices, one is a service provider and the other is a service consumer.

The service provider is a service that provides data. It registers the data in the registration center for other services to request. The service consumer is a service that obtains data. It finds the service provider through the registration center and initiates a request to the service provider.

When creating a service provider and service consumer, you need to specify their respective configuration information and dependencies. At the same time, the attributes of the registration center need to be added to the configuration file so that the service can be registered in the registration center.

5. Configuration Management

In the microservice architecture, service configuration is a very complex issue, and different services may require different configuration information. Spring Cloud provides Config Server to realize centralized management of configuration information. In order to ensure the security of configuration information, an encryption mechanism for configuration information needs to be added to Config Server.

In actual combat, we need to create a Config Server first, and then specify the configuration information of the Config Client in the service provider and service consumer to obtain the configuration information from the Config Server.

6. Unified Gateway

In the microservice architecture, communication between services is carried out through the network. If each service needs to expose its own network interface, it will It will be very troublesome. In order to better manage and control network access, Spring Cloud provides Zuul gateway to achieve unified network access.

In this actual combat, we need to add a layer of Zuul gateway for service providers and service consumers, so that external network requests only need to access the Zuul gateway without caring about how the specific service interface is implemented.

7. Summary

This article introduces how to use Spring Cloud to create and deploy a microservice architecture. From creating a Spring Boot project to building a registration center, creating microservices and configuration management, and then implementing a unified gateway, this article details how to build a complete microservice application. Through this practice, readers can understand the specific implementation methods of microservice architecture and the application of Spring Cloud in it.

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