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Using Zend Framework with PHP: Quick Start Guide

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Using Zend Framework in PHP: Quick Start Guide

Zend Framework is an open source, PHP-based web application framework that is powerful and easy to extend. Zend Framework includes many useful components that can help you build efficient web applications. This article will introduce how to use Zend Framework in PHP to help you get started quickly.

Install Zend Framework

First, you need to install Zend Framework on your system. Zend Framework can be installed through Composer. Open a terminal in your project directory and run the following command:

composer require zendframework/zendframework

Create an application

After the installation is complete, you can now create a basic Zend Framework application program. Zend Framework provides a scaffolding tool to create a new Zend Framework application. Run the following command in your project directory:

./vendor/bin/zf.php create project myproject

This will create a new application named myproject in your project directory. Now, open http://localhost/myproject in your browser and you will see a welcome page.

Create a new controller

Now, let’s create a new controller. In Zend Framework, a controller is a class that handles routing and requests, and generates responses. In your project directory, open the application/controllers directory and create a new file called IndexController.php. Add the following code to the file:

<?php
 
class IndexController extends Zend_Controller_Action
{
    public function indexAction()
    {
        echo "Hello World!";
    }
}

This controller simply outputs a message. Now we need to configure the route to call it.

Configure routing

Zend Framework uses routing to map URLs to controller actions. In your project directory, open the application/configs directory and edit the application.ini file. Add the following code to the file:

[production]
; … other settings …
resources.frontController.controllerDirectory = APPLICATION_PATH "/controllers"
resources.frontController.params.displayExceptions = 0
 
resources.router.routes.home.route = /home
resources.router.routes.home.defaults.controller = index
resources.router.routes.home.defaults.action = index

There are a few important parts here. The first part is the configuration of the controller directory, where the directory of the application controller is specified. Next is the setting to suppress exceptions. Then comes the routing configuration part. Here we map the route to the index action of the index controller and configure the route to /home. Now we can access http://localhost/myproject/home in the browser and see the browser output the "Hello World!" message.

Add View

Now, we have successfully called a controller and output some content. However, real web applications will definitely require more complex interfaces. In Zend Framework, views are template files used to render HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. In your project directory, open the application/views/scripts directory and create a folder called the index directory. Create a view file called index.phtml in this folder. Add the following code in the file:

<html>
<head>
    <title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>

Now, we need to modify the IndexController.php file so that it can render HTML using the view file. Modify the IndexController.php file as follows:

<?php
 
class IndexController extends Zend_Controller_Action
{
    public function indexAction()
    {
        $this->view->message = "Hello World!";
    }
}

Here, we set a variable named message. Now, we need to tell Zend Framework which view file to use. In your project directory, open the application/views/scripts directory and edit the index/index.phtml file. In the file, add the following code to the top of the file:

<?php
echo $this->message;
?>

Here we have used PHP code to output the value of the message variable. Now we have the view file set up correctly. Use a browser to access http://localhost/myproject/home, and you will see that the browser outputs a "Hello World!" message and an HTML title titled "Hello World".

Conclusion

This article introduces how to quickly get started with Zend Framework in PHP. We installed Zend Framework and created a new application. We created a controller and mapped it to controller actions by setting up routes. Finally, we added a view file to render the HTML. Although this is just a very simple application, it demonstrates the basics of Zend Framework and I hope readers can start here to further learn Zend Framework.

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