Implementing Java caching technology using Guice

In recent years, with the increasing amount of data and the popularity of Internet applications, caching technology has become increasingly important in software development. The Java programming language makes it easy to use caching techniques, and there are many frameworks that implement caching functionality. Among them, Guice is one of the popular frameworks that provides Java developers with simple dependency injection capabilities and can easily implement caching technology. In this article, we will discuss how to implement Java caching technology using Guice.

What is Guice?

Guice is a lightweight dependency injection framework developed by Google. It is used to manage relationships between objects in Java applications. Guice decouples application dependencies from implementation, making applications more flexible and scalable. Using Guice, developers can easily create and manage objects while greatly reducing code complexity.

Caching in Guice

Guice provides a Guava cache plug-in to provide simple and effective Java caching functionality. Guava is a set of Java libraries open sourced by Google that provides some very useful caching classes and tools for developers to use.

To use caching in Guice, we need to add the following dependencies to our code:

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId>
    <artifactId>guice-assistedinject</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId>
    <artifactId>guice-grapher</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId>
    <artifactId>guice-multibindings</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId>
    <artifactId>guice-servlet</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId>
    <artifactId>guice</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
    <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
    <version>27.1-jre</version>
</dependency>

These dependencies will provide all the classes and tools we need. After making sure to add these dependencies, we will modify the application to use them.

How to use Guice cache

Now, let’s look at some sample code to understand how to use Guice cache.

First, we need to inject the Guice cache into the code. To do this, we will create a new class CacheLoaderModule.java and add the following code:

import com.google.common.cache.CacheBuilder;
import com.google.inject.AbstractModule;
import com.google.inject.Provides;
import com.google.inject.Singleton;
import com.google.inject.name.Names;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class CacheLoaderModule extends AbstractModule {

  @Override
  protected void configure() {
    bindConstant().annotatedWith(Names.named("cache.maximumSize")).to(1000);
    bindConstant().annotatedWith(Names.named("cache.expireAfterWrite")).to(10);
  }

  @Provides
  @Singleton
  CacheLoader<String, Object> getCacheLoader() {
    CacheBuilder<Object, Object> cacheBuilder =
        CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
            .maximumSize(1000)
            .expireAfterWrite(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);

    return new CacheLoader<String, Object>() {
      @Override
      public Object load(String key) throws Exception {
        return null;
      }
    };
  }
}

These codes will configure the Guice cache. We use the CacheBuilder class to build the cache and then return a CacheLoader instance. Note that in this example, we returned the load method with null, which means that no data will be stored in the cache. In a real application we have to return the object stored in the cache.

Now, we need to use Guice caching in our application. Here is a sample code snippet:

import com.google.inject.Guice;
import com.google.inject.Injector;
import com.google.inject.Key;
import com.google.inject.name.Names;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomStringUtils;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException {
    Injector injector = Guice.createInjector(new CacheLoaderModule());

    Cache<String, Object> cache = injector.getInstance(Key.get(new TypeLiteral<Cache<String, Object>>() {}));

    String key = RandomStringUtils.randomAlphanumeric(10);

    Object value = cache.get(key, () -> {
      return new Object();
    });

    System.out.println("Key: " + key);
    System.out.println("Value: " + value);
  }
}

This code will create a cache and then get a randomly generated key from the cache. If the key is not found in the cache, Guice Cache will use the provided Supplier to generate a new object and store it in the cache. If it exists, the object stored in the cache is returned directly. This approach is useful when dealing with high concurrency and large amounts of data, and can greatly improve the performance of your application.

Summary

In general, Guice is a very useful dependency injection framework that can help Java developers manage dependencies between objects more easily. It also provides some very useful tools, such as the Guava cache plug-in, which can help developers implement caching technology more conveniently. Using Guice cache can greatly improve the performance of your application and can handle high concurrency and large amounts of data. The above is a brief introduction on how to use Guice to implement Java caching technology.

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