How to use caching in PHP applications to improve response speed?

Caching is a common optimization technology that can improve the response speed of web applications and make web applications more smooth and efficient. Using caching in PHP applications can relieve database access pressure, reduce network latency, and improve application performance and user experience.

1. What is cache?

Cache (cache) refers to temporarily storing frequently read and written data in memory or disk to speed up the next access. Caching technology is an optimization technology that can improve application responsiveness by reducing unnecessary calculations and network communications.

In Web applications, commonly used caches include page cache, database cache, object cache, file cache, etc. Among them, page caching is to save the HTML document of the Web page in memory or disk for reuse. Database caching saves database query results in memory or disk for reuse. Object caching is the process of saving objects or data structures in a web application in memory or disk for reuse. File caching is to save static files (such as CSS, JS, pictures, etc.) in the client browser cache or proxy server cache to speed up the loading speed of Web pages.

2. How to use caching to improve response speed?

Using caching can improve the response speed of web applications and reduce server load and the number of database queries. The following introduces some commonly used caching technologies and application cases.

2.1 Page caching

Page caching is to save the HTML document of the Web page in memory or disk for reuse. Using page caching in PHP applications can reduce database queries and server pressure and improve page response speed. Commonly used page caching tools include memcached, Redis, etc.

For example, in the Laravel framework, page caching can be implemented by defining routes and controllers:

Route::middleware('cache:60')->get('/post/{id}', '[email protected]');

The above code uses cachemiddleware to /post/ {id}The routing response result is cached for 60 seconds. Page caching can be set for a relatively short period of time so that cached data is updated in a timely manner. If the page content needs to be updated, this can be achieved through scheduled tasks or manually refreshing the cache.

2.2 Database cache

Database cache saves database query results in memory or disk for reuse. Using database cache in PHP applications can reduce the number of database queries and improve application response speed. Commonly used database caching tools include memcached, Redis, etc.

For example, in the Laravel framework, you can implement database caching by using a cache driver:

$users = Cache::remember('users', 60, function () {
    return DB::table('users')->get();
});

The above code will save the cached result of the users key for 60 seconds and return it to the cache. result. If the cache expires, the database is requeried and new cached results are saved.

2.3 Object caching

Object caching is to save objects or data structures in web applications in memory or disk for reuse. Using object cache in PHP applications can reduce the time of instantiating and initializing complex objects and improve application response speed. Commonly used object caching tools include APC, memcached, Redis, etc.

For example, in the Laravel framework, object caching can be implemented through the binding function of the service container:

$this->app->singleton(UserRepositoryInterface::class, function ($app) {
    return Cache::remember('users', 60, function () use ($app) {
        return new UserRepository($app['db']);
    });
});

The above code binds the UserRepositoryInterface interface to a cache object , and if the cache expires, a new UserRepository object will be re-instantiated.

2.4 File caching

File caching is to save static files (such as CSS, JS, pictures, etc.) in the client browser cache or proxy server cache to speed up the loading speed of Web pages. . Using file caching in PHP applications can reduce network latency and server pressure, and improve the response speed of web pages. Commonly used file caching tools include HTML5 caching and CDN.

For example, HTML5 caching can be achieved by adding the following tag to the HTML document:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html manifest="cache.manifest">
<head>
...
</head>
<body>
...
</body>
</html>

The above code is passed through the manifest in the html tag. The attribute specifies a cache manifest file (such as cache.manifest), and the browser can automatically cache page resources based on the cache resources specified in the manifest file. This can reduce the number of HTTP requests and speed up the loading speed of web pages.

3. Summary

Caching is a common optimization technique that can improve the response speed and performance of web applications. Using caching in PHP applications can ease database access pressure, reduce network latency, and improve application performance and user experience. Commonly used caching technologies include page caching, database caching, object caching, file caching, etc. Appropriate caching technology and toolkits need to be selected according to specific application scenarios to achieve optimal caching effects.

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