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PHP Implementation Framework: Zend Framework Getting Started Tutorial

PHPzOriginal: 2023-06-19 08:09:151529browse

Zend Framework is an open source website framework developed by PHP. It is currently maintained by Zend Technologies. Zend Framework adopts the MVC design pattern and provides a series of reusable Code library for implementing Web 2.0 applications and Web services. Zend Framework is very popular and respected by PHP developers and has a wide range of user base and usage examples.

This article will introduce the basic knowledge of Zend Framework and help beginners understand how to use Zend Framework to build PHP applications.

Installing Zend Framework

Installing Zend Framework is very simple, just use Composer. First, add the following line to the composer.json file:

{
    "require": {
        "zendframework/zendframework": "^3.0"
    }
}

Then run the command in the terminal:

composer install

Composer will automatically download and install Zend Framework.

Create Zend Framework application

Use the following command to create a Zend Framework application in the terminal:

php vendor/bin/zf.php create project myproject

After creation, cd into the myproject directory , and run the following command to start the development server:

php -S 0.0.0.0:8080 -t public/ public/index.php

At this time, accessing http://localhost:8080/ will display "Welcome to the Zend Framework".

MVC structure

Zend Framework adopts the MVC design pattern, M represents Model, V represents View, and C represents Controller.

Model is the data access layer of the application. It handles database reading and writing and other data access. For each data that needs to be stored, there is a corresponding Model class and form.

View is the presentation layer of the application. It is responsible for displaying data and interacting with the user. Each data type has a corresponding View file.

Controller is the control layer of the application. It is responsible for processing user input, presenting data to the user, and handling the application's logic. Each system function has a corresponding Controller class.

Router

Zend Framework’s Router component maps URLs to corresponding Controllers and Actions. By default, Zend uses the Segment router.

In the myproject/module/Application/config/module.config.php file, configure the router as follows:

'router' => [
    'routes' => [
        'home' => [
            'type' => Segment::class,
            'options' => [
                'route' => '/[:action]',
                'constraints' => [
                    'action' => '[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_-]*',
                ],
                'defaults' => [
                    'controller' => ControllerIndexController::class,
                    'action' => 'index',
                ],
            ],
        ],
    ],
],

This will enable all routing for the application. For example, if you visit http://localhost:8080/my-action, the my-action method of IndexController will be called.

View

Zend Framework supports PHP as the View template engine. It also supports other template engines such as Twig.

In the myproject/module/Application/config/module.config.php file, configure the view:

'view_manager' => [
    'template_path_stack' => [
        __DIR__ . '/../view',
    ],
],

Now, in myproject/module/Application/view/index/index.phtml Create a view template file that will render the HTML content of the IndexAction:

<html>
<head>
    <title>My ZF Application</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to my ZF Application</h1>
    <p><?= $this->someVariable ?></p>
</body>
</html>

This will display a title, a welcome message and a PHP variable value in the browser.

Database

Zend Framework supports multiple types of databases, including MySQL, Postgres, MSSQL, SQLite, etc.

In the myproject/config/autoload/global.php file, configure the database:

return [
    'db' => [
        'driver' => 'Pdo',
        'dsn' => 'mysql:dbname=mydatabase;hostname=localhost',
        'username' => 'myusername',
        'password' => 'mypassword',
    ],
];

Now, use Drivers in the Controller and instantiate the corresponding Adapter instance as needed:

use ZendDbAdapterAdapter;

class SomeController
{
    protected $db;

    public function __construct(Adapter $db)
    {
        $this->db = $db;
    }

    public function someAction()
    {
        // Perform database queries here using $this->db adapter
    }
}

Conclusion

This tutorial only introduces the basic concepts and usage of Zend Framework. To know more details, please refer to the official Zend Framework documentation. Good luck!

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