Common file transfer problems and their solutions under Linux systems

Linux system, as an open source operating system, is widely used by many companies and individuals. In Linux systems, file transfer is a very basic but very critical task. However, due to the complexity of Linux systems and different technical applications, various problems often occur during file transfer. This article will introduce common file transfer problems and their solutions under Linux systems.

1. SCP cannot transfer large files

SCP is a commonly used file transfer tool in Linux systems, and its use is very simple. However, some users have found that when transferring large files, SCP will suffer from incomplete files. This is due to SCP lags or connection interruptions when transferring large files. Therefore, if you want to transfer large files, it is better to use other tools such as rsync, lftp, etc.

2. SMB transfer speed is slow

Under Windows systems, SMB is a very common file transfer protocol, but under Linux systems, SMB often suffers from slow transfer speeds Slow problem. The reason is that SMB transmits data through the TCP protocol. The data packets of the TCP protocol must be confirmed at the receiving end before the next data packet can be sent. This will cause SMB transfer speeds to slow down.

The solution is to use other protocols instead of SMB in Linux systems. For example, you can use the NFS protocol for file transfer. NFS is based on the UDP protocol, and the transfer speed will be much faster.

3. Garbled characters in files transferred through FTP

FTP is a commonly used file transfer protocol, but sometimes there is a problem that the files being transferred are garbled during the transfer process. This situation is usually caused by inconsistent character set settings between the FTP client and FTP server.

You can try to set a unified character set between the FTP client and FTP server (UTF-8 is usually the best choice). You can set the character set by modifying the configuration file of the FTP client or the FTP server to avoid garbled characters.

4. Using private keys for file transfers in SCP or SFTP

Using private keys for file transfers is generally more secure and convenient, however, when using private keys with SCP or SFTP File transfers with private keys may encounter many problems. The most common problem is the permissions of the private key itself. If the permissions of the private key are not set correctly, file transfer will not be possible.

You can solve this problem by setting the permissions of the private key to 600 or 700 to ensure that the private key can only be used by the owner and cannot be read by other users. Additionally, private keys can be forwarded using an SSH agent, making them accessible to multiple remote hosts.

5. When using rsync to transfer files, the modification time of the file will deviate

When using rsync to transfer files, if there is a difference in the modification time of the source file and the target file , the modification time of the file will be biased after transfer. For example, if the source file's modification time is earlier than the target file's modification time, the target file's modification time will be changed to the source file's modification time.

You can add the "-t" parameter to solve this problem. This parameter preserves the modification time of the source file and overwrites the modification time of the target file. For example, you can use the "rsync -t source_file destination_file" command to transfer files to prevent the modification time of the destination file from being modified.

Summary

File transfer is a very basic and routine task in the Linux system, but it is also easy to encounter problems. This article introduces common file transfer problems under Linux systems and their solutions: SCP cannot transfer large files, SMB transfer speed is slow, FTP transfer files appear garbled, use private keys for file transfer in SCP or SFTP, and use rsync to transfer files. , the modification time of the file will be biased. Hope it helps.

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