search
HomeOperation and MaintenanceLinux Operation and MaintenanceSystem maintenance guide in Linux system

In the Linux world, system administrators need to frequently maintain and manage their own servers or workstations. This maintenance includes not only basic system installation and configuration, but also the timely handling of common problems and failures in the production environment. For the maintenance of Linux systems, this guide will introduce you to some basic skills, including the initial installation of Linux systems, management of software packages, process monitoring, disk and file system management, and security and log auditing.

  1. System installation and configuration

Installing the Linux system is the first issue to be dealt with. When you need to install a Linux system, you should first select the correct Linux distribution and use the correct installation media. Usually, you can download the ISO or IMG image from the official website and burn it to a disc or USB drive using USB or DVD burning software. The installer can also obtain software packages and other files required by the system from the network.

After the installation is complete, you need to configure the system correctly, including network and system users. Proper network configuration must include IP address, gateway, DNS and other network parameter settings. User configuration should include adding and removing users, changing user properties, and assigning correct permissions and folder access.

  1. Software package management

Managing and updating software packages is one of the core issues in Linux system maintenance. Basically, you learn how to use a package manager to install, upgrade, and remove software packages on your system. The name and command of the package manager may be different in different Linux distributions, but generally, you can use the following command:

apt-get (Ubuntu, Debian)

yum (CentOS , Fedora)

zypper (openSUSE)

pacman (Arch Linux)

In addition to these commands, there are many other commands that allow you to track the installation and removal of packages, Search for new packages and resolve issues related to package dependencies. Additionally, you can learn how to add unofficial repositories to get more packages.

  1. Process Monitoring

When the system is running normally, various system resource problems are likely to occur. For example, the process crashes or runs out of memory and CPU, etc. Therefore, you should learn how to check the status of the process and end or adjust the process if necessary. For example, the commands "top" and "ps" allow you to view the processes running your system and sort them by CPU usage or memory usage.

In addition, you also need to learn how to end any process through the "kill" command, and understand the meaning of the different options of the "kill" command. When it comes to long-running daemons, you need to learn how to use tools like "systemd" to automate the management of the process.

  1. Disk and file system management

The file system of the Linux system is composed of multiple file partitions and uses different file system types. Disk and file system management includes extending partition and file system capacity, creating and deleting folders, and file system security control.

Commonly used commands include the "df" and "du" commands. The "df" command allows you to view the storage space usage of a mounted partition, while the "du" command allows you to view the available storage space and usage of a specific folder.

In addition, you also need to know how to change the permissions of files and folders and protect your system using a secure file system such as SELinux, AppArmor or grsecurity, etc.

  1. Security and log audit

System security and log audit are another important aspect of Linux system maintenance. When it comes to security, you need to keep your Linux system and network secure as well as the installed software.

Therefore, you should learn how to use firewalls, access control lists (ACLs), and other security controls to protect your systems. You should also regularly update your systems and software packages to close security holes.

In terms of log auditing, you need to learn how to view system logs and application logs in order to detect expected behavior of the system and any unusual events. Commonly used logging tools include "dmesg" and "journalctl".

Summary

By studying the Linux system maintenance guide, you will acquire the basic skills to maintain and manage the Linux system. In practice, you will find more problems and solutions, and you will also find that using the Linux system is very beneficial for daily work and production, and can also improve your skills and work performance to a higher level.

The above is the detailed content of System maintenance guide in Linux system. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Linux Operations: Networking and Network ConfigurationLinux Operations: Networking and Network ConfigurationApr 27, 2025 am 12:09 AM

Linux network configuration can be completed through the following steps: 1. Configure the network interface, use the ip command to temporarily set or edit the configuration file persistence settings. 2. Set up a static IP, suitable for devices that require a fixed IP. 3. Manage the firewall and use the iptables or firewalld tools to control network traffic.

Maintenance Mode in Linux: A System Administrator's GuideMaintenance Mode in Linux: A System Administrator's GuideApr 26, 2025 am 12:20 AM

Maintenance mode plays a key role in Linux system management, helping to repair, upgrade and configuration changes. 1. Enter maintenance mode. You can select it through the GRUB menu or use the command "sudosystemctlisolaterscue.target". 2. In maintenance mode, you can perform file system repair and system update operations. 3. Advanced usage includes tasks such as resetting the root password. 4. Common errors such as not being able to enter maintenance mode or mount the file system, can be fixed by checking the GRUB configuration and using the fsck command.

Maintenance Mode in Linux: When and Why to Use ItMaintenance Mode in Linux: When and Why to Use ItApr 25, 2025 am 12:15 AM

The timing and reasons for using Linux maintenance mode: 1) When the system starts up, 2) When performing major system updates or upgrades, 3) When performing file system maintenance. Maintenance mode provides a safe and controlled environment, ensuring operational safety and efficiency, reducing impact on users, and enhancing system security.

Linux: Essential Commands and OperationsLinux: Essential Commands and OperationsApr 24, 2025 am 12:20 AM

Indispensable commands in Linux include: 1.ls: list directory contents; 2.cd: change working directory; 3.mkdir: create a new directory; 4.rm: delete file or directory; 5.cp: copy file or directory; 6.mv: move or rename file or directory. These commands help users manage files and systems efficiently by interacting with the kernel.

Linux Operations: Managing Files, Directories, and PermissionsLinux Operations: Managing Files, Directories, and PermissionsApr 23, 2025 am 12:19 AM

In Linux, file and directory management uses ls, cd, mkdir, rm, cp, mv commands, and permission management uses chmod, chown, and chgrp commands. 1. File and directory management commands such as ls-l list detailed information, mkdir-p recursively create directories. 2. Permission management commands such as chmod755file set file permissions, chownuserfile changes file owner, and chgrpgroupfile changes file group. These commands are based on file system structure and user and group systems, and operate and control through system calls and metadata.

What is Maintenance Mode in Linux? ExplainedWhat is Maintenance Mode in Linux? ExplainedApr 22, 2025 am 12:06 AM

MaintenanceModeinLinuxisaspecialbootenvironmentforcriticalsystemmaintenancetasks.Itallowsadministratorstoperformtaskslikeresettingpasswords,repairingfilesystems,andrecoveringfrombootfailuresinaminimalenvironment.ToenterMaintenanceMode,interrupttheboo

Linux: A Deep Dive into Its Fundamental PartsLinux: A Deep Dive into Its Fundamental PartsApr 21, 2025 am 12:03 AM

The core components of Linux include kernel, file system, shell, user and kernel space, device drivers, and performance optimization and best practices. 1) The kernel is the core of the system, managing hardware, memory and processes. 2) The file system organizes data and supports multiple types such as ext4, Btrfs and XFS. 3) Shell is the command center for users to interact with the system and supports scripting. 4) Separate user space from kernel space to ensure system stability. 5) The device driver connects the hardware to the operating system. 6) Performance optimization includes tuning system configuration and following best practices.

Linux Architecture: Unveiling the 5 Basic ComponentsLinux Architecture: Unveiling the 5 Basic ComponentsApr 20, 2025 am 12:04 AM

The five basic components of the Linux system are: 1. Kernel, 2. System library, 3. System utilities, 4. Graphical user interface, 5. Applications. The kernel manages hardware resources, the system library provides precompiled functions, system utilities are used for system management, the GUI provides visual interaction, and applications use these components to implement functions.

See all articles

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

MantisBT

MantisBT

Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

DVWA

DVWA

Damn Vulnerable Web App (DVWA) is a PHP/MySQL web application that is very vulnerable. Its main goals are to be an aid for security professionals to test their skills and tools in a legal environment, to help web developers better understand the process of securing web applications, and to help teachers/students teach/learn in a classroom environment Web application security. The goal of DVWA is to practice some of the most common web vulnerabilities through a simple and straightforward interface, with varying degrees of difficulty. Please note that this software

mPDF

mPDF

mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

ZendStudio 13.5.1 Mac

Powerful PHP integrated development environment