From beginner to proficient: Learn to use Go language for MySQL database development

With the continuous development of Internet technology, databases, as an indispensable part of software development, are also constantly developing and updating. As a language with high performance and high development efficiency, Go language is increasingly used in database development and is highly sought after by developers. This article aims to help novices understand the basic knowledge of Go language and MySQL database. At the same time, it explains how Go language can develop MySQL database through examples, and gives some learning suggestions.

1. Basic knowledge of Go language and MySQL database

1. Go language

Go language is a programming language launched by Google. It has concurrency Characteristics such as flexibility, efficiency and ease of learning make it widely used in fields such as network programming. The syntax of Go language is simple and easy to understand, easy to use, and has efficient compilation speed, which can quickly locate and solve problems. At present, some large Internet companies, such as Google, Uber, Dropbox, etc., are widely using the Go language.

2. MySQL database

MySQL database is an open source database management system commonly used in the industry. It has the characteristics of high stability, strong reliability, and easy maintenance. In the Internet field, MySQL is one of the most commonly used databases. Various large websites and enterprises widely use MySQL to store data.

2. Connection between Go language and MySQL database

In Go language, we can use third-party libraries to connect and operate MySQL database. Among them, go-sql-driver/mysql and database/sql are two commonly used MySQL connection libraries.

1. go-sql-driver/mysql

go-sql-driver/mysql is a MySQL driver library written in pure Go language. It uses native protocols for communication. , supports multiple database connections. We can use it by following the following steps:

(1) Install go-sql-driver/mysql library:

go get -u github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql

(2) Open database connection:

db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "username:password@tcp(host:port)/database")
defer db.Close()

( 3) Execute the SQL statement:

rows, err := db.Query("SELECT ... FROM ...")
defer rows.Close()

(4) Get the query results:

for rows.Next() {
    var column1 string
    var column2 int
    err = rows.Scan(&column1, &column2)
}

2. database/sql

database/sql is a standard library, It provides a set of interfaces to handle common database operations. The steps to connect to the MySQL database using database/sql are as follows:

(1) Install the MySQL driver:

go get -u github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql

(2) Open the database connection:

db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "username:password@tcp(host:port)/database")
defer db.Close()

(3) Query the data :

rows, err := db.Query("SELECT ... FROM ...")
defer rows.Close()

(4) Get query results:

for rows.Next() {
    var column1 string
    var column2 int
    err = rows.Scan(&column1, &column2)
}

3. Example of Go language operating MySQL database

The following is a simple example to illustrate how to operate MySQL database in Go language Complete the add, delete, modify and query operations on the MySQL database.

1. Database connection

First, we need to use go-sql-driver/mysql to connect to the MySQL database and open a connection:

db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:password@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test")
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}
defer db.Close()

where , root is the MySQL user name, password is the password, and test is the name of the database to be connected.

2. Inserting data

Inserting data can be achieved through the following code:

query := "INSERT INTO `user` (`name`, `age`) VALUES (?, ?)"
stmt, err := db.Prepare(query)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}
defer stmt.Close()

result, err := stmt.Exec("Tom", 18)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}

id, err := result.LastInsertId()
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}

fmt.Printf("Insert new record with ID:%d successfully
", id)

Among them, we can preprocess a SQL statement through the Prepare method, and Use the Exec method to execute and insert data into the MySQL database.

3. Update data

Updating data can be achieved through the following code:

query := "UPDATE `user` SET `name`=?, `age`=? WHERE `id`=?"
stmt, err := db.Prepare(query)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}
defer stmt.Close()

result, err := stmt.Exec("Alice", 20, 1)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}

rows, err := result.RowsAffected()
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}

fmt.Printf("Update %d rows successfully
", rows)

Among them, we preprocess an SQL statement through the Prepare method and use The Exec method is executed, and the name field of the record with ID 1 is changed to Alice, and the age field is changed to 20.

4. Query data

Query data can be achieved through the following code:

query := "SELECT `name`, `age` FROM `user` WHERE `id`=?"
stmt, err := db.Prepare(query)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}
defer stmt.Close()

rows, err := stmt.Query(1)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}
defer rows.Close()

for rows.Next() {
    var name string
    var age int
    err := rows.Scan(&name, &age)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }
    fmt.Printf("Name:%s    Age:%d
", name, age)
}

Among them, we query the record with id 1 through the Query method, and Obtain the values ​​of the name and age fields through the Scan method and output them.

5. Deleting data

Deleting data can be achieved through the following code:

query := "DELETE FROM `user` WHERE `id`=?"
stmt, err := db.Prepare(query)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}
defer stmt.Close()

result, err := stmt.Exec(1)
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}

rows, err := result.RowsAffected()
if err != nil {
    panic(err.Error())
}

fmt.Printf("Delete %d rows successfully
", rows)

Among them, we preprocess an SQL statement through the Prepare method and use The Exec method is executed and the record with ID 1 is deleted from the MySQL database.

4. Learning Suggestions

For those who want to learn Go language and MySQL database development, there are the following suggestions:

1. Master the basic grammar

Before learning any programming language, it is recommended to master the basic syntax of the language, such as variables, functions, operators, etc.

2. Learn commonly used libraries

For Go language developers, mastering some commonly used libraries is very helpful to improve development efficiency. When learning MySQL database development, you can learn the two libraries go-sql-driver/mysql and database/sql.

3. Practical operation

The best way to learn a programming language is to practice it. You can write some simple applications yourself, and continue to deepen the difficulty and strengthen your programming skills.

4. Learn excellent open source projects

Understanding and learning some open source projects is also very helpful to improve development capabilities. You can learn some excellent Go language open source projects, such as Docker, Kubernetes, etc.

In short, Go language and MySQL database are important tools for developers to carry out software development and database management. Learning and mastering these technologies can help developers improve their programming skills and development efficiency. I hope that the explanations and examples in this article can be helpful to beginners.

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