Swoole Practice: How to achieve efficient concurrent processing of computing tasks

In recent years, with the development of Internet business, people have higher and higher requirements for application performance, and concurrent processing of computing tasks is one of the important means to improve application performance. In this context, Swoole, as a high-performance network communication framework, provides us with a solution to achieve efficient concurrent processing of computing tasks.

This article will introduce how to use Swoole to achieve efficient concurrent processing of computing tasks from the following three aspects:

1. Swoole’s multi-process model

In Swoole In , a multi-process model can be used to implement concurrent processing of computing tasks. The multi-process model can split a main process into multiple sub-processes, and each sub-process can run a task independently. This model can improve the throughput and stability of the program.

Swoole provides some multi-process model APIs, such as fork, exec and other functions, which can be used to create sub-processes and perform sub-process tasks. The following is a simple example:

$worker_num = 4; // 子进程数量

for($i=0; $i<$worker_num; $i++) {
    $pid = pcntl_fork(); // 创建子进程
    if($pid == 0) { // 子进程开始处理任务
        // do something ...
        exit(); // 子进程结束
    }
}

while(pcntl_waitpid(0, $status) != -1); // 等待所有子进程结束

In this example, we create 4 sub-processes to handle computing tasks, and each sub-process can run a task independently. After waiting for all child processes to end, the main process can end.

2. Swoole's coroutine model

In addition to the multi-process model, Swoole also provides a coroutine model that can achieve more lightweight concurrent processing. In the coroutine model, multiple tasks can be executed concurrently in the same thread. This model can effectively reduce the overhead of thread context switching and memory usage.

Swoole's coroutine model is implemented through PHP coroutines, and you can use the keyword yield to implement coroutine switching. The following is a simple example:

function task() {
    // do something ...
    yield; // 协程切换
    // do something ...
}

// 创建协程
$coroutine1 = task();
$coroutine2 = task();

// 执行协程
while(! $coroutine1->isFinished() && ! $coroutine2->isFinished()) {
    $coroutine1->resume(); // 执行协程1
    $coroutine2->resume(); // 执行协程2
}

In this example, we create two coroutines to handle calculation tasks and let them execute alternately through a while loop. In each coroutine, when the yield keyword is reached, it will automatically suspend and switch to the next coroutine for execution.

3. Swoole’s asynchronous programming model

In addition to the multi-process model and coroutine model, Swoole also provides an asynchronous programming model that can implement non-blocking IO operations and events Driven concurrency processing. In the asynchronous programming model, multiple tasks can wait for the return results of I/O operations at the same time. This model can effectively improve the response capability and throughput of the program.

Swoole provides some APIs for asynchronous programming, such as swoole_event_add, swoole_client and other functions, which can be used to register event processors and perform asynchronous I/O operations. Here is a simple example:

// 注册事件处理器
swoole_event_add(STDIN, function() {
    // 从标准输入读取数据
    $data = fgets(STDIN);
    echo "Input: " . $data;
    // 继续等待输入
    swoole_event_set(STDIN, null);
});

// 进入事件循环
swoole_event_wait();

In this example, we register an event handler, listen to standard input, and read and output data when the input event occurs. The program enters the event loop through the swoole_event_wait function, waits for the event to occur and executes the corresponding processing function.

Summary

This article introduces how to use Swoole to achieve efficient concurrent processing of computing tasks. In addition to the multi-process model, coroutine model and asynchronous programming model, Swoole also provides some other high-performance network communication APIs, such as swoole_server, swoole_http_server and other functions, which can quickly build high-performance applications.

With the continuous development of Internet business, high-performance concurrent processing of computing tasks has become one of the necessary features of applications. As a high-performance network communication framework, Swoole has unique advantages in realizing efficient concurrent processing of computing tasks, which can bring higher performance and better user experience to our business.

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