What are the common Nginx operations in PHP programming?

PHP is a powerful and popular programming language that is used to develop various types of web applications. However, to enable PHP applications to run on a web server, you usually need to use Nginx as the web server. In this article, we will introduce some common Nginx operations to help PHP programmers better configure and manage Nginx servers.

1. Installing and starting Nginx

Before using Nginx, you must first install it on the server. On most Linux distributions, Nginx can be easily installed using a package manager. Once the installation is complete, you can start the Nginx service using the following command:

$ sudo systemctl start nginx

2. Configure Nginx virtual host

Hosting multiple domain names and websites on the Nginx server is a very common operation . In order to achieve this goal, Nginx virtual host needs to be configured. Virtual hosting refers to a technology that maps multiple domain names or IP addresses to the same server. In Nginx, virtual hosts can be easily configured as follows:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    root /var/www/example.com;
}

The above configuration example will configure two virtual hosts on the Nginx server, both listening on port 80, and one server can host multiple Website made very easy.

3. Configuring Nginx cache

In high-traffic web applications, using cache can greatly reduce the load on the web server and speed up page response. Nginx provides multiple types of cache, such as proxy cache, FastCGI cache, etc. Nginx proxy cache can be enabled using the following sample configuration:

proxy_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=my_cache:10m inactive=60m;
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    location / {
        proxy_cache my_cache;
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

The above example will enable a new proxy cache in Nginx cache, the cache file is stored in the /var/cache/nginx directory, and is set for 60 minutes cache expiration time.

4. Configuring Nginx Load Balancing

Load balancing is a technology that distributes traffic across multiple web servers to improve application scalability and performance. Nginx provides a variety of load balancing strategies, such as polling, IP hashing, etc. Nginx load balancing can be configured using the following example configuration:

upstream backend {
    server backend1.example.com;
    server backend2.example.com;
}
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

The above example will create an upstream block named backend and add two web servers backend1.example.com and backend2.example.com to in the upstream block. Nginx will distribute traffic to these two web servers according to its load balancing policy.

Summary

In PHP programming, it is very common to use Nginx as a web server. This article introduces some common Nginx operations, including installing and starting Nginx, configuring Nginx virtual host, configuring Nginx cache and configuring Nginx load balancing. By understanding these operations, it can help PHP programmers better configure and manage Nginx servers, thereby achieving more efficient, scalable and high-performance web applications.

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