How to implement API version control in ThinkPHP6?

With the development of Web technology and the continuous expansion of application scenarios, APIs have become an important technical component for many enterprises and developers, and version control has also become one of the specifications for API design. This article will introduce how to implement API version control in the ThinkPHP6 framework.

1. Understand version control

Version control is a way to maintain a history of changes to code or documents. In API design, versioning is an important way to ensure that the API is not backwards compatible under any circumstances.

Version control usually has the following types:

• URL version control: Use different versions of URLs to distinguish API versions.
• Header version control: Use HTTP Header to distinguish API versions.
• Query parameter versioning: Use query parameters to specify the API version.

In ThinkPHP6, we will use URL version control to implement API version control.

2. Create version control middleware

First, we need to create a middleware for processing and verifying API versions. In ThinkPHP6, you can use the following command to create middleware:

php think make:middleware VersionControl

Then, implement the version control logic in the handle method according to the API version. Taking URL versioning as an example, we can use a prefix in the URL to specify the API version. For example, use /v1/user to access version 1 of the user API.

The middleware code is as follows:

<?php
declare (strict_types = 1);

namespace appmiddleware;

use thinkRequest;
use thinkResponse;

class VersionControl
{
    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next)
    {
        $version = $request->param('version'); // 获取版本号
        if (!$this->isValidVersion($version)) {
            $response = new Response();
            $response->code(400);
            $response->data('Invalid Version'); // 返回错误响应
            return $response;
        } else {
            // 正常请求
            return $next($request);
        }
    }

    private function isValidVersion($version)
    {
        // 验证版本号是否有效，这里可以根据自己的业务规则进行验证
        switch ($version) {
            case 'v1':
            case 'v2':
                return true;
            default:
                return false;
        }
    }
}

3. Register version control middleware

After the middleware is created, we need to register it with the application in order to intercept and process the request. Add the full name of the middleware class in the application's middleware.php file, and specify the route prefix that needs to be processed by the middleware.

return [
    'VersionControl' => ppmiddlewareVersionControl::class,
];

// 路由中间件
return [
    'api/:version/user' => 'api/:version.User/index',
    'api/:version/order' => 'api/:version.Order/index',
    'api/:version/product' => 'api/:version.Product/index',
]->middleware(['VersionControl']);

4. Implementing versioned API

Now, we can implement an API that contains a version number. Create a version number controller and corresponding methods, and implement business logic in the methods.

For example, in the controller app picontroller 1User.php, we can implement the version control method of the API:

<?php
declare (strict_types = 1);

namespace apppicontroller1;

use thinkesponseJson;

class User
{
    public function index(): Json
    {
        return json(['message' => 'This is user API V1']);
    }
}

In app picontroller 2User. In php, implement the controller method of API version 2:

<?php
declare (strict_types = 1);

namespace apppicontroller2;

use thinkesponseJson;

class User
{
    public function index(): Json
    {
        return json(['message' => 'This is user API V2']);
    }
}

Now, we can access different versions of the user API in the browser:

• http://localhost/api/v1/user：return{"message":"This is user API V1"}
• http://localhost/ api/v2/user: Return {"message":"This is user API V2"}

5. Summary

In this article, we introduce how to implement API version control in ThinkPHP6, mainly using URL version control, and implementing version control by creating middleware, registering middleware and versioned APIs.

Copyright Statement: This article is original by the author and may not be reproduced without the author's authorization.

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