Nginx operating system security posture

With the continuous development of the Internet, the number of website visits is also increasing. In order to meet this large-scale access demand, server performance requirements are becoming higher and higher. As a commonly used web server software, Nginx is popular for its high performance and high concurrency. However, in the process of using Nginx, we must also pay attention to ensuring the security of the server. If the server security is destroyed, it will bring serious consequences. This article will mainly introduce the security posture of the Nginx operating system, with a view to providing some reference for the majority of Nginx users.

1. Turn off unnecessary services

When using Nginx, we should keep the operating system safe. We should shut down services that are unnecessary or potentially risky. In the Linux operating system, we can use the command "systemctl" to open and close services. The specific operation method is as follows:

Close unnecessary services

systemctl stop xxx.service #Stop service
systemctl disable xxx.service #Disable service startup

Enable Necessary services

systemctl start xxx.service #Start service
systemctl enable xxx.service #Set service startup

2. Use firewall

Firewall is an important measure in network security. It can protect the security of the server by filtering the incoming and outgoing traffic. There are a variety of firewalls to choose from in Linux systems, such as iptables, firewalld, etc. Here we use firewalld as an example.

Add firewalld firewall rules

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ssh #Open SSH port

3. Restrict SSH login

SSH is a commonly used remote login method on Linux. When using SSH to log in, we should take some measures to prevent hackers from brute force password cracking or other attacks. Including the following points:

• Establish an anti-brute-force cracking mechanism: limit the number of SSH user logins to prevent hackers from using brute-force cracking attacks.
• Close root user login: The root user is the super administrator account of the operating system. Once its account is compromised by a hacker, the entire system may be compromised. Therefore, we should close the root user's SSH login permissions.
• Change the SSH default port: Hackers usually use the SSH default port to carry out brute force attacks. We can make it more difficult for hackers to attack by changing the SSH default port.

4. Install security patches

In order to ensure the security of the system, we need to regularly upgrade the operating system and the software programs in it. This allows us to promptly fix some known security vulnerabilities and prevent hackers from using these vulnerabilities to attack the server. In Linux systems, we can use the following commands to safely upgrade the operating system and applications.

yum update #Update all software packages
yum update nginx #Update nginx software

5. Set file permissions

When using Nginx, we Need to store some files on the server. In order to ensure server security, we need to set file permissions. In the Linux operating system, we can use the "chmod" command to modify the permissions of files and directories. The specific method is as follows:

• A directory with the default permissions of 755 allows all users to enter and read the directory contents. . The directory owner has write permission, but users other than the owner do not have any permission to enter, write or execute subdirectory files in the directory:

chmod 755 dir_name

• An ordinary file with the default permissions of 644, the permission group is read and write, other user groups only have read permissions:

chmod 644 file_name

In short, ensuring the security of the server is important It is very important for Nginx users. The above measures apply not only to Nginx, but also to other web servers. We should always pay attention to server security issues and conduct timely security upgrades and repairs to ensure the normal operation of the server.

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