How is the memory pool implemented in the Go language?

The memory pool in the Go language is a technology used to manage memory allocation. By using the memory pool, the program can avoid frequent memory allocation and recycling, thereby reducing the generation of memory fragments and improving memory usage efficiency.

In the Go language, there are two main ways to implement memory pools:

1. sync.Pool

sync.Pool is the Go language standard A memory pool implementation provided in the library. It uses a very simple way to manage the object pool, using two methods: Get and Put.

The Get method is used to obtain an object from the pool. If there is a free object in the pool, it will return directly. Otherwise, the New method will be called to create a new object and return it. The Put method is used to put an object back into the pool for subsequent reuse.

sync.Pool internally uses a linked list to store free objects. When obtaining an object, it will be obtained from the head of the linked list first, and when the object is put back, the object will be inserted into the head of the linked list. When the number of objects in the linked list reaches a certain number, sync.Pool will automatically clear the linked list.

Due to the particularity of the internal mechanism of sync.Pool, it is suitable for frequently applying to release objects of the same type in a short period of time, such as data buffers, temporary objects, etc.

2. go memory allocator

Go memory allocator is the memory allocation module in the Go language runtime system. It adopts a memory allocation method based on size classification. . The Go memory allocator reduces the possibility of memory fragmentation and improves memory usage efficiency by pre-allocating objects of similar size into the same memory block.

In the Go language, the program can achieve manual memory allocation and release by calling the Malloc and Free functions in the runtime package. These functions actually call the corresponding functions in the Go memory allocator.

In addition to the conventional memory allocation method, the Go memory allocator also uses a memory pool technology, that is, objects of two sizes, Tiny and Small, will be allocated to the memory pools corresponding to Tiny and Small. The program can further optimize the usage efficiency of the memory pool through local caching technology, safe point recycling technology and other methods.

Summary

The memory pool in the Go language is a very important memory optimization technology that can greatly improve the performance and stability of the program. In actual development, programmers should choose an appropriate memory pool implementation method based on actual needs. For example, for frequent object creation and release operations in a short period of time, sync.Pool can be used, while for objects that are not released for a long time, manual operation should be used. The way memory is allocated. At the same time, programmers should also understand the underlying implementation mechanism and internal structure of the memory pool in order to better control the usage efficiency and stability of the memory pool.

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